我国公民人身自由法律保护实例研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 16:57

本文选题：人身自由 + 法律保护　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：人身自由是个人一切自由之基础,现代法治的基本要求,我国同世界各国一样都将其做为宪法的重要内容加以规定。但不得不承认,目前,我国公民的人身自由权在立法、司法实践中与一些法治国家相比还存在差距；与国际公约所规定的人身自由内容相比也存在一定的差距。尤其是当这一基本人权被公权力侵犯后表现出的无助,也暴露了我国关于人身自由法律保障的诸多缺陷。问题出在,我国宪法在规定了人身自由之后,却没有提出当个人之人身自由遭受政府机关侵犯的时候获得救济的渠道。因而,面对权力,宪法条文黯然失色。近年来,在我国经常能够看到有关于公民之人身自由受到公权力之侵害的报道,非法剥夺或限制人身自由的案例时有发生,如超期羁押、刑讯逼供、收容教育等。如何为我国公民的人身自由提供行之有效的法律保护,是我国人权建设所面临的重要课题。笔者结合社会热点问题,主要分三个部分对公民人身自由的法律保护障进行了探讨：第一个部分就人身自由的涵义以及人身自由法律保护的中外立法状况进行了对比分析。第二个部分以三个实例为基点分析我国公民人身自由法律保护的现状及制度上的缺失。第三个部分就宪法与部门法对人身自由的保护方面的完善提出了制度构想,如重拾人身保护令制度、强化无罪推定原则、落实司法独立原则以及增设司法审查制度等。
[Abstract]:The freedom of the person is the basis of individual freedom and the basic requirement of modern rule of law. China, like all countries in the world, stipulates it as an important part of the constitution. However, it has to be acknowledged that at present, there is a gap between the citizens' right of personal freedom in our country and some countries under the rule of law in legislation and judicial practice; There is a certain gap in the content of personal freedom, especially when this basic human right is violated by public power, and it also exposes many defects in the legal guarantee of personal freedom in our country. In the face of the power, the constitutional provisions are overshadowed. In recent years, in our country, there is often a report in our country that the freedom of the person's personal freedom is infringed by the public power, and the cases of illegal deprivation or restriction of personal freedom have occurred, such as overdue detention, extorting the confession by torture, and receiving education. The citizen's personal freedom to provide effective legal protection is an important subject in the construction of human rights in China. The author, combining with the hot issues of the society, mainly discusses three parts of the legal protection for the personal freedom of the citizen: the first part is the meaning of personal freedom and the legislative form of the legal protection of personal freedom. The second parts are based on three examples to analyze the status and lack of legal protection of the personal freedom of the citizens in our country. The third parts put forward the system conception on the improvement of the protection of personal freedom by the Constitution and the department law, such as the system of heavy picking up the personal protection, the principle of strengthening the presumption of innocence and the implementation of the law. The principle of law independence and the establishment of the judicial review system.

【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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