检察机关提起环境民事公益诉讼的困境与解决

发布时间：2018-05-07 06:25

本文选题：环境民事公益诉讼 + 检察机关　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：最高人民检察院与最高人民法院分别下发了公益诉讼试点工作方案,指导试点地区具体工作流程,并在其中赋予检察机关一个新身份——"公益诉讼人"。但这仅仅是在政策方针角度为检察机关提起环境民事公益诉讼制度做出一个铺垫,从司法实践运行的情况来看仍有诸多问题值得考量。在环境民事公益诉讼领域,从具体案例与域外制度分析来看,由检察机关来提起诉讼要比其他国家行政机关和社会环保组织更有优势,但是,在我国,检察机关目前没有被任何法律法规确定原告主体地位,其在环境民事公益诉讼中主要起支持、督促有关机关和社会组织提起诉讼的作用,很多现实因素导致其在司法实践中陷入重重困境。从实际出发,对其困境进行分析可知,检察机关提起环境民事公益诉讼制度若要发展不仅要在立法上进行改革,赋予其诉权,协调好与其他诉讼主体的关系,使其介入诉讼程序时更具有主动性,也要依赖检察机关自身对形式公益与实质公益的准确区分,透彻理解环境民事公益诉讼的目的所在,这样才可能脱离实践困境。在保证诉讼程序公平公正的同时,通过司法手段维护环境公共利益,提高环境污染救济效率,助力人与自然和谐并进的可持续发展战略。
[Abstract]:The Supreme people's Procuratorate and the Supreme people's Court separately issued a pilot work plan for public interest litigation, guiding the specific work flow in the pilot area, and endowing the procuratorial organ with a new identity-"public interest litigant." However, this is only to lay the groundwork for the procuratorial organ to initiate the environmental civil public interest litigation system from the angle of policy and policy, and there are still many problems worth considering from the operation of judicial practice. In the field of environmental civil public interest litigation, from the analysis of specific cases and extraterritorial systems, the prosecution organs have more advantages than other administrative organs and social environmental protection organizations. However, in our country, At present, the procuratorial organ has not been determined by any laws and regulations as the main body of the plaintiff. It plays a major role in supporting the environmental civil public interest litigation and urging the relevant organs and social organizations to file a lawsuit. Many realistic factors lead to its difficulties in judicial practice. Proceeding from the reality, we can know that if the procuratorial organ wants to develop the system of environmental civil public interest litigation, it should not only reform its legislation, endow it with the right of action, but also coordinate its relationship with other litigant subjects. It is necessary to rely on the procuratorial organs to distinguish the formal public interest from the substantive public interest and to understand thoroughly the purpose of environmental civil public interest litigation. Only in this way can we break away from the practical dilemma. While ensuring the fairness and fairness of the litigation procedure, the sustainable development strategy of maintaining the public interests of the environment through judicial means, improving the efficiency of the relief of environmental pollution and promoting the harmonious development of man and nature is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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