论民事执行中的迟延履行利息

发布时间：2018-05-09 19:31

本文选题：迟延履行利息 + 基数　；参考：《华北电力大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国《民事诉讼法》规定的迟延履行利息制度是民事间接强制执行措施的-种。我国现行《民事诉讼法》第253条规定：被执行人未按判决、裁定和其他法律文书指定的期间履行给付金钱义务的,应当加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。试图通过迟延履行利息的规定来缓解司法实践中愈演愈烈的“执行难”问题。严格执行迟延履行利息制度,一方面通过对被执行人施以经济处罚的方式,给被执行人造成极大的心理压力,促使其积极履行给付义务,进而提高法院执行的威慑性,间接起到减少执行案件数量、降低执行难度和提高执行效益的功效。另一方面,迟延履行金制度的经济补偿性质,将有效避免胜诉当事人因对方的迟延履行而蒙受进一步损失,也使败诉当事人难以通过迟延履行而获利,这也是彰显法律裁判公正性的现实需要。但是,由于目前法律规定的原则性和模糊性使得迟延履行利息的计算缺乏统一的标准,造成司法实践中利息计算千差万别和司法实践的混乱,进而引起很多新的矛盾和纠纷。在这样的背景下,本文通过对有关调研成果和相关司法案例进行收集整理和分析比较,以民事诉讼法的相关理论作为支撑,重点分析迟延履行利息的性质、提起主体、基数、期间、利率等问题。笔者认为,迟延履行利息从主观上讲更偏重于对债权人的补偿性质,而在客观上体现出对被执行人的惩罚性,由此迟延履行利息的执行应当以债权人的申请为前提。另外,迟延履行利息的基数应当包括利息(期内利息和逾期利息)、违约金、部分实现权利费用；迟延履行利息的计算期间以裁判文书指定的履行期限届满的次日起算并截止于债务人实际履行之日止,再扣除其中经过的特殊期间；迟延履行利息的利率不仅应当与中国人民银行贷款基准利率是同期的,而且应当是同档次利率,并且这个利率是法定的,不能进行约定。本文通过对这一系列问题进行深入探析,从而形成既符合法律规定又便于当事人理解执行的迟延履行利息的统一计算标准,从而平衡保护当事人双方的合法权益,体现法律的公平正义。
[Abstract]:The late performance interest system stipulated in the Civil procedure Law of our country is a kind of indirect civil enforcement measure. Article 253 of the present Civil procedure Law of our country stipulates that if the executor fails to fulfill his obligation to pay money during the period specified in the judgment, ruling and other legal documents, he shall double the payment of interest on the debt during the period of delay in performance. This paper attempts to alleviate the increasingly difficult problem of execution in judicial practice by delaying the performance of interest. On the one hand, the strict enforcement of the system of late performance of interest will, on the one hand, impose great psychological pressure on the executor by imposing economic punishment on the person, and urge him to actively fulfill the obligation of payment, thereby enhancing the deterrent nature of court enforcement. Indirectly it can reduce the number of execution cases, reduce the difficulty of execution and improve the efficiency of execution. On the other hand, the nature of economic compensation of the system of deferred performance will effectively prevent the successful litigant from suffering further losses as a result of the delayed performance of the other party, and it will also make it difficult for the losing party to profit from the delay in performance. This is also the actual need to highlight the justice of the legal judgment. However, due to the principle and fuzziness of the present law, there is no uniform standard for the calculation of interest in delay, which leads to the differences between the calculation of interest in judicial practice and confusion in judicial practice, thus causing a lot of new contradictions and disputes. Under this background, this paper, through the collection, collation and analysis of relevant research results and related judicial cases, taking the relevant theory of civil procedure law as the support, focuses on analyzing the nature of delay in performing interest, bringing up the main body and cardinality. During the period, interest rates and other issues. The author believes that the late performance interest is subjectively more focused on the nature of compensation to the creditor, while objectively reflects the punitive effect on the executor, so the execution of the delayed performance interest should be based on the application of the creditor. In addition, the basis of delay in performing interest should include interest (interest in the period and overdue interest, liquidated damages, partial realization of the right costs; The period for the calculation of interest on delayed performance shall be calculated from the day after the expiration of the time limit for performance specified in the judgment instrument and shall end on the date of actual performance of the debtor, and the special period passed therein shall be deducted; The interest rate for late payment of interest should not only be the same as the benchmark interest rate of the people's Bank of China, but also the same grade interest rate, and this interest rate is legal and cannot be agreed upon. Through the deep analysis of this series of problems, this paper forms a unified calculation standard of delay performance interest, which conforms to the legal provisions and is easy for the parties to understand, so as to balance the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of both parties. Embody the fairness and justice of the law.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.18

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