我国《行政复议法》与《行政诉讼法》的冲突与协调问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 02:27

本文选题：行政复议 + 行政诉讼　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政复议与行政诉讼作为我国两种行政救济制度,在行政救济体系中占主要地位。其中行政复议表现为准司法性,兼具司法特征和行政特征;行政诉讼具有司法性。二者实践中均承担救济权利、解决纠纷和监督行政的重要功能。准确界定行政复议和行政诉讼的性质和功能是运行两个制度的前提和基础。只有这样,行政复议与行政诉讼在制度设计和司法实践中才能分工协作,互相配合,互相协调,共同解决行政纠纷。随着2015年新《行政诉讼法》的颁布实施,其同我国现行《行政复议法》之间的冲突便愈演愈烈,一方面体现为二者制度和实践层面的合理“冲突”,这类“冲突”的存在并不会造成行政复议制度和行政诉讼制度的运行障碍,其诞生的原因来自制度彼此的独立性。作为两个独立的救济手段,二者承担的责任不尽相同。为体现各自的优势,在制度设计上必然要有所体现。另一方面体现为不合理的冲突,这类冲突使得实践过程中,行政复议和行政诉讼就相同问题基于不一致的法律规定发生不同效果。冲突中既包含两种制度长久以来存在的冲突,也包括在社会发展过程中两种制度暴露出的冲突。这些冲突有其存在的原因,不仅存在制度层面立法技术上的原因,还存在实践操作层面人员制度方面的现实问题。这些不合理冲突将会对制度的运行造成不容忽视的消极影响,可能分裂两种制度间的密切联系,阻碍两种制度各自内在优势的发挥,使得行政纠纷难以解决,行政救济效率低下,进而减损法律救济措施在公民心中的地位,丧失法律制度的权威性。是以,必须协调好《行政复议法》和《行政诉讼法》之间的关系。在《行政复议法》面临修改之际,为了更好的平衡两种制度的关系,在协调二者关系的理论基础上,针对二者在制度和实践上的具体冲突,提出具体的立法建议和解决措施,引导《行政复议法》的修改方向,达到《行政复议法》与《行政诉讼法》完美平衡的立法状态,促使二者各司其职,成为行政救济体系的中流砥柱,从而更好地保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益,助力构建社会主义法治国家。
[Abstract]:Administrative reconsideration and Administrative Litigation, as two kinds of administrative relief system in China, occupy the main position in the administrative relief system. The performance of administrative review is quasi-judicial, judicial and administrative, and administrative litigation is judicial. Both of them undertake the important function of relief right, dispute resolution and administrative supervision in practice. Accurately defining the nature and function of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation is the premise and foundation of running the two systems. Only in this way can administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation work together in system design and judicial practice, cooperate with each other, coordinate with each other, and resolve administrative disputes together. With the promulgation and implementation of the new Administrative procedure Law in 2015, the conflict between it and the current Administrative Review Law of our country becomes more and more intense. On the one hand, it is reflected in the reasonable "conflict" between the two systems and practice. The existence of this kind of "conflict" will not cause the administrative reconsideration system and the administrative litigation system to operate the obstacle, its birth reason comes from the system each other's independence. As two independent relief means, they bear different responsibilities. In order to reflect their advantages, the system design must be reflected. On the other hand, it is reflected in unreasonable conflicts, which make administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation have different effects on the same issues based on inconsistent legal provisions in the process of practice. The conflict includes both the conflicts that exist for a long time in the process of social development and the conflicts exposed by the two systems in the process of social development. These conflicts have their own reasons, not only the technical reasons of legislation at the institutional level, but also the practical problems in the personnel system at the operational level. These unreasonable conflicts will have a negative impact on the operation of the system, which may divide the close relationship between the two systems, hinder the exertion of their respective internal advantages, and make the administrative disputes difficult to resolve. The low efficiency of administrative relief detracts from the status of legal relief measures in the minds of citizens and loses the authority of the legal system. Therefore, we must coordinate the relationship between the Administrative Review Law and the Administrative procedure Law. In order to balance the relationship between the two systems, in order to better balance the relationship between the two systems, on the basis of the theory of coordinating the relationship between the two systems, and aiming at the specific conflicts between the two systems and practices, the author puts forward specific legislative suggestions and solutions. To guide the direction of the revision of the Administrative Review Law, to reach the legislative state of perfect balance between the Administrative Review Law and the Administrative procedure Law, to urge them to perform their respective duties, and to become the mainstay of the administrative relief system, thereby better protecting citizens, The legal rights and interests of legal persons and other organizations help to build a socialist country ruled by law.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1;D925.3

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