论立案侦查中犯罪嫌疑人的人权保障

发布时间：2018-05-17 20:21

本文选题：立案 + 侦查　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国特色社会主义法治体系的日益完备,法治对于国家要求加强人权司法建设,保障人权,为充分实现依法治国,深化司法改革,把宪法落切到实处。回顾2000年以后我们国家对于人权保障体制的建设,自2004年宪法修订把“国家尊重和保障人权”写入宪法的相关条款以后,我国出于法治的要求和政策的考虑,为了响应宪法保障人权的要求,实现司法过程中对人权的保障,我们国家在刑诉法修订将尊重和保障人权写入刑诉法,以及后续提出的全面依法治国以及两个规定,都是出于贯彻国家安全观,维护国家的安全和社会的稳定,惩罚犯罪和在保障人权的基础上强化办案责任,健全制度机制,保障人权的力度的要求。出于社会主义法治的要求,我们在保障人权的基础上,要清楚的认识到,保障犯罪嫌疑人人权的重要性,更要客观清楚的认识到司法实践中,尤其是侦查环节仍然存在的侵犯犯罪嫌疑人人权的现象,比如“超期羁押”、“刑讯逼供”、“非法搜查、取证”、“狱侦耳目”、“法外侦查”等,基于此,为了更系统,更全面的研究立案侦查中的犯罪嫌疑人的人权保障问题,本文析了对英美法系和大陆法系中具有代表意义的国家在犯罪嫌疑人人权保障方面的时间,通过比较分析,结合我国司法实践的现状,借鉴对我国完善侦查活动中犯罪嫌疑人保障机制的观点和规则,从而对我国人权保障机制作出进一步的完善。本文从人权的基本理论入手,通过分析侦查程序和侦查权的基本内涵,人权保障理论和国内外侦查权行使的调查和研究的基础上,结合我国侦查程序中出现的强制措施的滥用,法外侦查以及不合理的内部机制等普遍问题,浅谈一点个人出于对犯罪嫌疑人的人权保障在理论上和法律上的建议。本文着重对侦查环节的犯罪嫌疑人人权保障提出若干建议,其中一些建议尚未有相关部门制定相应的规则以具体的实践,也有一些建议虽然相关部门有过类型的规定并予以实施,但是大多仍处于部分基层试点单位实施,在实施的过程中仍有一些困难和摩擦,为此笔者也会相应的加以完善。
[Abstract]:With the development of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, the rule of law requires the country to strengthen the human rights judicial construction, to protect the human rights, to fully realize the rule of law and deepen the judicial reform, and to put the constitution into practice. Recalling the construction of the human rights guarantee system in our country after the year 2000 and the inclusion of "respect for and protection of human rights by the State" in the relevant articles of the Constitution since the amendment of the Constitution of 2004, in view of the requirements and policy considerations of the rule of law, In order to respond to the request of the Constitution to guarantee human rights and to realize the protection of human rights in the course of the administration of justice, in the revision of the Criminal procedure Law, our country has included respect for and protection of human rights in the Criminal procedure Law, as well as the comprehensive rule of law and two provisions put forward subsequently. They are all the requirements of carrying out the concept of national security, safeguarding national security and social stability, punishing crimes, strengthening the responsibility of handling cases on the basis of safeguarding human rights, perfecting the system and mechanism, and safeguarding the strength of human rights. In order to meet the requirements of the socialist rule of law, on the basis of safeguarding human rights, we should clearly realize the importance of protecting the human rights of criminal suspects, and more objectively and clearly understand the judicial practice. In particular, the phenomenon of violating the human rights of criminal suspects that still exists in the investigative links, such as "prolonged detention", "extorting confessions by torture", "illegal search, gathering evidence", "prison investigation ears and eyes", "extrajudicial investigations", etc., is based on this, in order to be more systematic. A more comprehensive study on the human rights protection of criminal suspects in the filed investigation. This paper analyzes the time of human rights protection for criminal suspects in countries with representative significance in Anglo-American law system and civil law system, through comparative analysis. Combined with the present situation of judicial practice in our country, the author draws lessons from the viewpoints and rules of perfecting the criminal suspect's safeguard mechanism in the investigation activity in our country, thus makes further consummation to the human rights safeguard mechanism of our country. This paper begins with the basic theory of human rights, analyzes the basic connotation of investigation procedure and investigation power, the theory of human rights protection and the investigation and research of the exercise of investigation power at home and abroad, and combines the abuse of compulsory measures in the investigation procedure of our country. Some general problems such as extra-judicial investigation and unreasonable internal mechanism are discussed in this paper, and some suggestions on the protection of human rights for criminal suspects in theory and in law are briefly discussed. This paper puts forward some suggestions on the protection of the human rights of criminal suspects in the investigation link, some of which have not yet been formulated by relevant departments for specific practice. There are also some suggestions, although the relevant departments have the type of regulations and to be implemented, but most of them are still in some grass-roots pilot units to implement, in the implementation of the process there are still some difficulties and friction, the author will also be improved accordingly.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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