我国法官多元角色及其冲突问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 19:50

本文选题：法官 + 多元角色　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：法官角色问题作为法学领域中的一项热门话题长久存在。目前,关于法官这一群体的研究较多集中于法官的选任、任职、考核、法官独立以及法官在诉讼中的地位等方面。通过现有的研究,我们可以得出以下结论:社会中存在和发展中的每一个个体均在该社会中处于某一或某几个确定的位置上,处于特定的纵横交错的社会关系网络中,因此每一个个体在其中多多少少都扮演着一定的社会角色。从法学意义与社会学意义上“角色”概念出发,我们一般认为“角色”是根据社会上存在的某一类群体或社会生活中具有某一特定身份的个体的行为,其他周遭人物对该行为所产生的一种或几种相应的期待。而具体至本文所探讨的“法官角色”,是指能够与法官职业群体的社会地位、身份表征、主要职能等内外在因素相一致的行为规范模式。具体来讲,法官角色就是能够将司法特殊功能较完整地彰显出来的一种社会角色,是社会大众对所有具有此种司法特殊功能的群体的行为期望。当下,我国推行的司法改革进程正在经历着一个由传统转变到现代这样一种全新的洗礼再生过程。与此同时,随着社会分工在纵深方向的日益精细化发展和完善,法官职业群体亦逐渐成为具有鲜明时代个性以及特殊群体属性的相当重要的角色。本文在现有研究基础上,立足于转型时期我国在司法审判领域诸多新问题,我们需要重新审视传统的法律思想和社会心态,作出新的认知和判断;随着市场经济在我国的不断发展,在方略选择上,我们需要继续坚持法治建设的道路。然而在这项进程中,法官职业群体存在三种角色,其中行政权力人角色与社会文化人角色对法律人角色造成的冲击日益凸显且愈来愈严重,对中国法治建设亦产生了大小可见的阻碍作用。基于以上理由,我们确实有必要在认清现有法官职业群体的角色类型基础上,研究法官职业群体的角色转换问题及其冲突解决路径。当下转型时期的中国,来自理论上的考量和现实中的实际需求均告诫我们需要从行政主导型社会迅速步入法治主导型社会,由行政权威转向法治权威。与此相适应的是,我国法官职业群体的角色调整也呈现出一个全面革新的转变:既要摆脱来自各种传统社会观念的束缚,又要接受日新月异的司法理念的特点。但在司法实践中,法官职业群体却遭遇到由环境因素、组织因素、角色因素以及人际关系等多种因素引起的角色紧张与冲突,如何看待法官职业群体现有的多元角色及其之间的冲突表现形式?如何解决法官目前所面临的角色冲突?笔者将运用社会学领域中的“角色”理论,借助一种恰当的、跨学科交叉的研究方法,对上述问题进行解释分析。
[Abstract]:The role of judges has long existed as a hot topic in the field of law. At present, the research on the group of judges focuses on the selection, appointment, evaluation, independence of judges and the status of judges in litigation. From the existing research, we can draw the following conclusion: each individual in a society is in a certain position or several definite positions in that society, in a particular crisscross network of social relations. Therefore, each individual plays a certain social role in it. Starting from the concept of "role" in the sense of law and sociology, we generally think that "role" is the behavior of a certain group of people or individuals with a certain identity in social life. One or more of the corresponding expectations of the other characters about the action. The "role of judges", as discussed in this paper, refers to the behavior norms that are consistent with the internal and external factors such as the social status, identity representation and main functions of the professional groups of judges. Specifically, the role of judge is a kind of social role which can fully display the special function of the judiciary, and it is the behavior expectation of all groups with such special function. At present, the judicial reform process of our country is going through a new baptism and regeneration process from tradition to modern. At the same time, with the development and perfection of the social division of labor in the deep direction, the professional group of judges has gradually become a very important role with distinctive personality of the times and special group attributes. On the basis of the existing research, based on many new problems in the judicial field of our country during the transition period, we need to re-examine the traditional legal thought and social mentality, and make new cognition and judgment. With the continuous development of market economy in our country, we need to continue to adhere to the road of building the rule of law. However, in this process, there are three kinds of roles in the professional group of judges, among which the role of administrative power person and the role of sociocultural person bring more and more serious impact to the role of legal person. The construction of the rule of law in China has also produced a large or small visible hindrance. Based on the above reasons, it is necessary for us to study the role transformation of the professional group of judges and its conflict resolution on the basis of recognizing the role types of the existing professional groups of judges. In the current period of transition in China, both theoretical considerations and practical needs warn us that we need to move rapidly from the administrative dominant society to the rule of law leading society, from the administrative authority to the rule of law authority. In accordance with this, the adjustment of the role of the professional group of judges in our country also presents a comprehensive and innovative change: we should not only get rid of the shackles of various traditional social concepts, but also accept the characteristics of the rapidly changing judicial ideas. However, in judicial practice, professional groups of judges encounter tension and conflict caused by environmental factors, organizational factors, role factors and interpersonal relationships. How to look at the existing pluralistic roles of the professional group of judges and the forms of conflict between them? How to solve the conflict of role faced by judges? The author will use the theory of "role" in the field of sociology to explain and analyze the above problems with the help of an appropriate and interdisciplinary research method.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.2

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