论检察机关行政公益诉讼主体资格

发布时间：2018-05-23 16:38

本文选题：检察机关 + 行政公益诉讼　；参考：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展,随着现代行政权的日益扩张,行政机关行政违法行为或者行政不作为致使公共利益受到严重损失的问题屡见报端,比如玩忽职守导致国土资源流失,行政审批规划违法引起群众不满、这种玩忽职守,滥用职权的不法行为不仅使得国家的法律法规及有关政策难以得到贯彻落实,而且会对国家和社会公共利益造成难以估量的损失,会严重损害党和政府的形象,继而引发群体性事件不利于社会的和谐与稳定。《行政诉讼法》规定,当行政机关的行政违法行为或者不作为致使公民个人利益受到损害后,利益受到直接损失的该公民可以作为原告直接提起行政诉讼,请求人民法院予以救济。然而,针对当今社会存在的不特定公民或者大多数公民的利益受到行政机关侵害时,受损的不特定多数法益,我们称之为公共利益应该由哪一主体负责维权,我国法律缺乏这样的制度规定。在行政权扩张与公共利益受损缺乏有效救济的情形下,在十八届四中全会提出的全面推进依法治国的背景之下,提出了探索检察机提起公益诉讼制度,这在某种程度上赋予了检察机关的行政公益诉讼的主体资格。行政公益诉讼制度作为一项行政诉讼领域内的重要制度,它主要由起诉主体,诉讼程序、受案范围及举证责任等部分组成,而在行政公益诉讼制度范畴当中,行政公益诉讼的主体资格无疑是首先应当明确的。然而,随着我国检察机关探索行政公益诉讼试点的不断推进,进一步发展并完善检察机关行政公益诉讼的主体资格,并且通过一定的制度设计,稳步推进行政公益诉讼主体的资格多元化,对于完善我国行政公益诉讼制度具有重要意义。本文主要共用四个章节对我国检察机关行政公益诉讼主体资格这一核心问题进行了论述。第一章绪论部分主要交代了选题的背景、意义、本文的创新之处及研究思路与研究方法。第二章从我国检察权理论入手,通过论述赋予检察机关行政公益诉讼主体资格的合理性基础和法理性基础来阐明我国检察机关提起行政公益诉讼的适格性。第三章主要分析了检察机关行政公益诉讼主体资格的现实障碍,并且从立法缺陷导致的法律依据不足,与当事人适格制度相矛盾及行政公益诉讼主体资格的拓展等三个方面进行了详细的论述。第四章是文章的最核心之处,讨论的是我国检察机关行政公益诉讼主体资格的制度设计,世界很多国家都建立了行政公益诉讼制度,各国根据本国历史以及国情不同,对于行政公益诉讼主体资格的规定也各不相同。从我国现状来看,当前公民和社会组织作为行政公益诉讼起诉主体还存在许多现实问题,但是并不能因此而完全否定公民或者社会组织的行政公益诉讼主体资格获取的可能性。试点过程中检察机关被赋予行政公益诉讼主体资格也面临着现实困境,因此,本章通过立法授权、科学认识与当事人适格制度矛盾观点及拓宽行政公益诉讼主体资格多元化等方面对于检察机关行政公益诉讼主体资格的制度设计进行了详细论述。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the socialist market economy, with the increasing expansion of modern administrative power, the illegal acts of administrative organs or administrative inaction, such as dereliction of duty, caused the loss of land and resources, and the discontent of the masses by the administrative examination and approval program. Unlawful acts of abuse of power not only make the state's laws and regulations and relevant policies difficult to carry out, but also cause incalculable losses to the public interests of the state and the society, which will seriously damage the image of the party and the government, and then cause the mass events to be detrimental to the harmony and stability of the society. After the administrative illegal acts of an organ or as a result of the damage to the personal interests of a citizen, the citizen who has the direct loss of the interests may directly bring an administrative lawsuit as a plaintiff and request the people's court for relief. However, when the interests of the unspecific citizens or the majority of the citizens in today's society are infringed by the administrative organs, The unspecified majority of legal benefits are damaged, which we call which the public interests should be responsible for the maintenance of rights. Our law lacks such regulations. Under the circumstances of the expansion of administrative power and the lack of effective relief for the damage to the public interests, in the context of the comprehensive promotion of the rule of law in the fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the exploration of procuratorial machines is put forward. The system of public interest litigation has given the main body of the administrative public interest litigation of the procuratorial organs to some extent. As an important system in the field of administrative litigation, the administrative public interest litigation system is mainly composed of the subject of prosecution, the procedure, the scope of the case and the burden of proof, while in the category of the administrative public interest litigation system. There is no doubt that the main body of the administrative public interest litigation should be clear in the first place. However, with the continuous promotion of the trial of the public interest litigation in China, the procuratorial organ further develops and perfects the main qualification of the public prosecutor's administrative public interest litigation, and steadily promotes the qualification of the main body of the administrative public interest litigation through a certain system. Metalization is of great significance to the improvement of the administrative public interest litigation system in China. This paper mainly shared four chapters to discuss the core issue of the subject qualification of public interest litigation in China's procuratorial organs. The first chapter is the introduction to the background and significance of the topic, the innovation and research ideas and research methods of this article. The two chapter, starting with the theory of procuratorial power in our country, expounds the suitability of the procuratorial organs of our country by discussing the rationale and the basis of legal rationality endowed with the qualification of the main body of public interest litigation in the procuratorial organs. The third chapter mainly analyzes the practical obstacles to the qualification of the main body of the administrative public interest litigation of the procuratorial organs, and the lack of legislation. The legal basis of the settlement is insufficient, and it is discussed in three aspects. The fourth chapter is the core of the article, which is the core of the article. The discussion is about the system design of the main qualification of the administrative public interest litigation in the procuratorial organs of our country, and the administrative public is established in many countries in the world. According to the national history and the national conditions, various countries have different provisions on the subject qualification of the administrative public interest litigation. From the current situation of our country, there are many practical problems in the current civil and social organizations as the main body of the administrative public interest litigation, but it can not completely negate the actions of the citizens or social organizations. The possibility of obtaining the qualification of the main body of public interest litigation. In the pilot process, the qualification of the procuratorial organs was given to the main body of the administrative public interest litigation. Therefore, this chapter, through the legislative authorization, scientific understanding of the contradictory views on the litigant's appropriate system and the widening of the pluralism of the eligibility of the administrative public interest litigation owners The system design of subject qualification of public interest litigation is discussed in detail.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3;D926.3

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