刑民交叉案件中“先刑后民”方式的反思

发布时间：2018-05-28 13:20

本文选题：刑民交叉 + 程序　；参考：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：刑民交叉案件成为困扰着理论界和实务界的难题，理论上的不完善和司法实践中的矛盾促使我们对此类案件的处理方式进行更深入的研究和分析，本文试图从新的角度探讨该类案件的解决之道。首先，文章对于刑民交叉的概念进行了分析，对刑民交叉案件的既有分类进行了概括总结，继而提出了自己对于该类案件分类的见解，即从实体上和程序上两方面进行分类，对这种新的分类方法进行了阐述。接着从两个案例入手引出刑民交叉案件的现状和研究的必要性。即对于刑民交叉案件的既有的主流处理方式从实体交叉和程序交叉两方面进行了分析，得出“先刑后民”已成为司法实践中刑民交叉案件的主导处理方式，但是此方式存在弊端，故对于刑民交叉案件的处理方式有研究的必要性。其次，本文对于先刑后民处理方式相关的法律条文和司法解释进行了整理和罗列，并进一步对于这些法律规定进行分析，系统性、历史性地还原法律规定本来的含义，由此得出关于刑民交叉法律的缺失之处和现有规定出现的漏洞和偏颇之处。接下来从历史因素、现实问题等方面分析了先刑后民方式出现和成为主导方式的原因。再次，笔者对先刑后民进行了一个客观完整的分析。从实践上和法律规定上总结先刑后民方式的优势与不足，进行详细的分析，并提出自己的看法，以期为接下来的处理方式的探究做准备。最后，本文对于刑民交叉案件的处理方式进行探究，，笔者主要从实体交叉案件和程序交叉案件两方面进行研究。在实体方面，引入了二次违法性理论，并罗列了两个典型案例从正反两方面对比得出，此类刑民交叉必须先考虑民事法即前置法的规定，并且在触犯刑事法律的时候再适用刑事法律加以规制。在程序交叉案件中，应当以刑民并进为主要的方式，以先刑后民、先民后行方式为补充，区别不同情况加以适用。在文章的最后，笔者对于刑事附带民事诉讼进行了研究，提出了完善这一制度的方法，包括增加被害人的程序选择权，增加精神损害赔偿，以及注重民事程序的适用。保障程序的正义。笔者通过以上这些方面的研究，能够对先刑后民案件有更深入的了解，对其现行的解决方式即“先刑后民”的方式有更深刻的认识，并为该类案件的解决提供参考途径，并期望早日解决司法实践中这一难题。
[Abstract]:Criminal and civil cross cases have become a difficult problem in the theoretical and practical circles. The imperfect theory and the contradiction in judicial practice urge us to conduct more in-depth research and analysis on the handling of this kind of cases. This paper tries to discuss the solution of this kind of cases from a new angle. First of all, the article analyzes the concept of criminal intercross, summarizes the existing classification of criminal cases, and then puts forward his own views on the classification of this kind of cases, that is, from the substantive and procedural aspects of the classification. This new classification method is described. Secondly, the present situation and the necessity of the research on the criminal-civilian cross-cases are introduced from the two cases. That is to say, the existing mainstream handling methods of criminal and civilian cross-cases are analyzed from two aspects: substantive crossing and procedural crossing, and the conclusion is that "first punishment before civilian" has become the leading way of handling criminal and civilian cross-cases in judicial practice. However, there are some drawbacks in this way, so it is necessary to study the way of handling criminal cases. Secondly, the article collates and lists the relevant legal provisions and judicial interpretations of the first sentence and the civil treatment, and further analyzes these legal provisions, systematically and historically restoring the original meaning of the legal provisions. From this, the deficiency of the criminal law and the loopholes and bias of the existing provisions are obtained. Then, it analyzes the reason why the first punishment and the people become the dominant way from the historical factors, the realistic problems and so on. Again, the author carries on an objective and complete analysis to the first sentence and then to the people. This paper sums up the advantages and disadvantages of the first punishment after the people's way in practice and the legal provisions, analyzes in detail, and puts forward his own views, in order to prepare for the exploration of the following handling methods. Finally, this paper explores the way of handling criminal cases, the author mainly from the substantive cross-case and procedural cross-case two aspects of research. In the aspect of entity, the theory of secondary illegality is introduced, and two typical cases are listed from the positive and negative aspects. It is concluded that this kind of criminal and civilian crossing must first consider the provisions of the civil law, that is, the pre-law. And in violation of the criminal law applicable to the criminal law to regulate. In the cross-procedure cases, the main way should be the combination of criminal punishment and civilian behavior, and the first punishment should be supplemented by the latter, and the difference between different situations should be applied. At the end of the article, the author studies the incidental civil action and puts forward the methods of perfecting the system, including increasing the choice of procedure of the victim, increasing the compensation for mental damage, and paying attention to the application of civil procedure. Safeguarding procedural justice. Through the research of these aspects, the author can have a deeper understanding of the cases of first punishment and then people, and have a deeper understanding of its current solution, that is, "first sentence before people", and provide a reference way for the settlement of this kind of cases. And expect to solve this difficult problem in judicial practice as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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