论我国民事检察监督时限制度之构建

发布时间：2018-05-30 07:00

本文选题：检察建议 + 抗诉　；参考：《湘潭大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：民事检察监督制度是一项具有中国特色的法律制度,在维护社会秩序、实现司法公正和保障人权等方面都发挥着重要作用。探究民事检察监督时限制度之构建这一理论问题,对进一步完善我国民事检察监督制度具有深远的意义。构建检察监督时限制度不仅可以促使当事人及时申请检察监督,而且能够督促检察机关在规定的时限内针对法院的错误判决及时提起检察监督,从而使法院及时纠正错误判决,最终维护当事人的合法权益,实现程序的公平正义。在立法上,由于对检察监督制度的规定仍较为粗略,尤其是民事检察监督时限制度的缺失,致使检察监督的具体功能难以落实。在学界,鲜有学者对民事检察监督时限制度进行深入研究,该领域的学术成果寥若晨星。在实践中,由于立法没有关于检察监督时限的规定,当事人肆意申请检察监督、检察机关滥用监督权等现象屡见不鲜。立法的缺失、学界的疏忽以及司法实践中的问题,有力地说明了构建我国民事检察监督时限制度具有现实必要性。在未来的立法进程中,立法机关可以根据司法实践经验,基于平衡当事人权益及司法效率、社会稳定性等考量,构建我国民事检察监督时限制度。首先,应当明确规定当事人申请检察监督的时限,以促使当事人及时行使权利,并能协调其与再审期限之法律规定;其次,要合理规定检察机关依职权监督的时限,针对监督对象的不同进行分类设置,如对调解书不设置检察监督时限,对民事判决、裁定书的检察监督设置时限,对特殊再审事由设置最长时限;最后,应尽快完善人大对司法工作的监督以弥补检察监督时限制度之不足。
[Abstract]:The civil procuratorial supervision system is a legal system with Chinese characteristics, which plays an important role in maintaining social order, realizing judicial justice and safeguarding human rights. It is of great significance to probe into the construction of civil procuratorial supervision time limit system in order to further improve the civil procuratorial supervision system in China. Constructing the system of procuratorial supervision time limit can not only urge the party concerned to apply for procuratorial supervision in time, but also urge the procuratorial organ to promptly initiate procuratorial supervision against the wrong judgment of the court within the prescribed time limit, so that the court can correct the wrong judgment in time. Finally, protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and realize the fairness and justice of the procedure. In legislation, the provisions of the procuratorial supervision system are still rough, especially the absence of the civil procuratorial supervision time limit system, which makes the concrete function of the procuratorial supervision difficult to carry out. In academic circles, few scholars have carried on the thorough research on the civil procuratorial supervision time limit system, and the academic achievements in this field are few and far between. In practice, because the legislation does not have about the procuratorial supervision time limit stipulation, the litigant wantonly applies for the procuratorial supervision, the procuratorial organ abuses the supervisory power and so on the phenomenon is common. The lack of legislation, the negligence of the academic circles and the problems in judicial practice have proved that it is necessary to construct the civil procuratorial supervision time limit system in our country. In the future legislative process, the legislature can construct the civil procuratorial supervision time limit system according to the judicial practice experience, based on the balance of the rights and interests of the parties, judicial efficiency, social stability and other considerations. First of all, the time limit for the parties to apply for procuratorial supervision should be clearly defined, so as to prompt the parties to exercise their rights in a timely manner and to coordinate the legal provisions on the time limit for their retrial. Secondly, the time limit for procuratorial organs to supervise ex officio should be reasonably specified. Aiming at the different objects of supervision, such as not setting a time limit for procuratorial supervision on a mediation statement, setting a time limit for procuratorial supervision of a civil judgment, and setting a maximum time limit for the cause of a special retrial; finally, It is necessary to improve the supervision of judicial work by the NPC as soon as possible to make up for the deficiency of the system of procuratorial supervision.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925.1

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