我国刑事证人隐蔽作证制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 23:37

本文选题：证人 + 隐蔽作证　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：刑事证人隐蔽作证制度是一项特殊的证人作证制度,更是一项不仅在立法上能够健全完善证人保护制度,而且司法上能够提高证人出庭作证率的重要制度,我国2013年1月1日起实施的新《刑事诉讼法》第62条的规定将其正式确立。虽然我国在立法上赋予了刑事证人隐蔽作证制度一个合法的身份,司法实践中也屡次尝试应用,但是通过分析其立法及司法现状,可以看出该制度在适用对象和条件、保护措施和程序以及相关配套保障机制等方面存在很多亟待解决的问题。于是,本文将立足我国刑事证人隐蔽作证制度存在的不足之处,分析国外该制度先进的可行性规定,为完善我国刑事证人隐蔽作证制度提出具体可行对策。国外刑事证人隐蔽作证制度在立法和司法实践方面都有着十分先进的规定和经验并且能够通过个案看到该项制度所起到的实在效果,本文对此归纳分析之后提炼总结出我国该制度可以从中借鉴的方面:第一,明确并扩大适用对象范围,将保护对象从证人扩充到弱势证人、特殊证人以及已经或者可能遭受侵害的证人,确保更多案件相关人员能够受到该项制度的保护。第二,扩充适用条件,将适用条件明确为人身、财产、名誉面临危险三个方面,改变当前只将人身危险作为适用条件的单一情形。第三,具体实施主体职责,将实施主体职责扩展到诉前、诉中、诉后并细化其具体实施措施,防止出现实施主体职责模糊和实施不到位的情况。第四,确立实施程序,将实施程序按照先后顺序确立申请程序、审查决定程序、变更解除程序,保障实施主体按照程序办事。第五,创设配套保障机制,包括侦查、司法人员的保密责任机制和证人身份暴露后的补救机制等能够加强该制度实施效果的其他机制。只有按照上述对策解决我国刑事证人隐蔽作证制度所存在的不足,未来该制度在我国才有可能达到立法上有完善的体系,司法中每一个适用该制度的案件都取得实体和程序公正的结果,每一位证人通过隐蔽作证制度都得到妥善的保护。
[Abstract]:The criminal witness covert testimony system is a special witness testimony system. It is also an important system that not only can perfect the witness protection system in legislation, but also can increase the witness testimony rate in court. Article 62 of the new Criminal procedure Law, which came into effect on January 1, 2013, formally establishes it. Although our country has given the criminal witness covert testimony system a legal identity in the legislation, and tried repeatedly to apply it in the judicial practice, but through the analysis of its legislative and judicial status, we can see that the system is applicable to the object and the condition. There are many problems to be solved in protection measures and procedures as well as related supporting safeguard mechanisms. Therefore, based on the shortcomings of the covert testifying system of criminal witnesses in our country, this paper analyzes the advanced feasibility provisions of this system in foreign countries, and puts forward concrete and feasible countermeasures for perfecting the covert testifying system of criminal witnesses in our country. Foreign criminal witness covert testimony system has very advanced regulations and experience in legislation and judicial practice, and can see the actual effect of this system through individual cases. After summarizing and analyzing this, this paper abstracts and sums up the aspects that can be used for reference by this system in our country. First, it clarifies and expands the scope of the applicable object, and expands the protected object from witness to weak witness. Special witnesses, as well as witnesses who have been or may have been assaulted, ensure that more persons involved in the case are protected by the system. Secondly, it is necessary to expand the applicable conditions and define the applicable conditions as three aspects: personal danger, property risk and reputation danger, so as to change the single situation in which only personal danger is regarded as the applicable condition. Third, the specific implementation of the main responsibilities of the implementation of the extension of the subject before, in litigation, after the action and refinement of its specific implementation measures, to prevent the implementation of the main duties of the implementation of ambiguity and implementation is not in place. Fourth, establish the implementation procedure, establish the application procedure according to the order of implementation, examine and decide the procedure, change the release procedure, and ensure that the main body of implementation acts in accordance with the procedure. Fifthly, the establishment of supporting safeguard mechanisms, including investigation, judicial officers' confidential responsibility mechanism and witness identity after the exposure of the remedy mechanism can strengthen the implementation of the system of other mechanisms. Only by solving the shortcomings of the hidden testimony system of criminal witnesses in our country according to the above countermeasures, will it be possible for the system to have a perfect legislative system in China in the future. In the administration of justice, every case in which the system is applied results in substantive and procedural justice, and every witness is properly protected through the covert testimony system.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

【参考文献】