精神病人强制医疗的法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 04:52

本文选题：精神病人 + 强制医疗　；参考：《辽宁大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：精神病人强制医疗是一种对缺乏辨认和控制能力而拒绝治疗的精神病人采取强制手段迫使其接受治疗的一系列医学措施总称，其的价值目标是社会防卫与保障精神病人权利并重。但长期以来我国精神病人强制医疗的状况是该进行强制医疗的精神病患者得不到应有的医疗救助；而正常人却面临着“被精神病”的人权迫害。究其原因，我国对精神病人强制医疗的法律规定欠缺，，精神病人强制医疗制度的建立现处于起步阶段，目前精神病人强制医疗的法律规定仅限于新《刑事诉讼法》规定的对无刑事责任能力的精神病人实施的强制医疗措施和《精神卫生法》规定的“非自愿住院治疗”。“非自愿住院治疗”是相对自愿医疗而言的概念，如果精神病人拒绝自愿医疗，不管是谁将其送往医院接受治疗，都构成强制医疗。本文以对精神病人强制医疗进行法律规制为研究任务，从我国现有的强制医疗立法规定出发，运用案例分析的方法揭示立法规定中存在的问题与不足，进而针对问题提出解决方案；同时，本文还收集了许多地方性法规和地方政府规章，通过实证分析的方法探究我国实践中的强制医疗实体规定与程序规定，从而为强制医疗的立法完善提供实践素材；此外，本文还考察了域外国家立法中与强制医疗相类似的制度，希望通过国内外立法比较来借鉴国外的先进经验，取长补短，使得我国强制医疗制度的立法符合国际立法趋势；最后，也就是本文的主要内容所在，即提出将精神病强制医疗制度细化为三个层次，分别为司法化强制医疗、行政化强制医疗、民事化强制医疗，并分别与我国现有诉讼体制形成对接，在行政化强制医疗的设计上，参照目前刑事诉讼法中关于强制医疗的程序规定，完善强制医疗制度。进而对完善强制医疗制度提出具体立法建议，内容涉及到了强制医疗措施的适用对象、适用条件、决定程序、执行场所、及解除程序等诸多方面，尤其在决定程序中建议加设听证程序，使程序更加透明，以更好的保障被强制医疗者的合法权益，预防“被精神病”事件的发生。
[Abstract]:Mental patient compulsory medical treatment is a series of medical measures which are forced to be treated by compulsive means for the mental patients who are not able to identify and control. The value goal is to attach equal importance to the rights of the social defense and the protection of the mental patients. However, the state of mental patients' compulsory medical treatment in China has been strong for a long time. The psychotic patients who have made medical treatment do not have the medical assistance they should have, while the normal people are faced with the persecution of the "psychosis". The reason is that the legal provisions for the compulsory medical treatment of the mental patients are lacking, the establishment of the compulsory medical system for the mental patients is at the beginning stage, and the legal provisions of the compulsory medical treatment for the mental patients are limited to the limit. Compulsory medical measures for mental patients without criminal responsibility and "involuntary hospitalization" stipulated in the mental health act. "Involuntary hospitalization" is a concept of relative voluntary medical treatment. If a mental patient refuses to take a voluntary medical treatment, no matter who sends it to a hospital for treatment, All of them constitute compulsory medical treatment. In this paper, the legal regulation of compulsory medical treatment for mental patients is taken as the research task. Starting from the existing compulsory medical legislation in China, the problems and shortcomings in the legislative provisions are revealed by the method of case analysis, and then the solutions are put forward to the problems. At the same time, many local laws and regulations have been collected. And the local government rules and regulations, through the empirical analysis method to explore the compulsory medical entity provisions and procedures in the practice of our country, thus providing practical material for the legislative improvement of compulsory medical treatment. In addition, this paper also inspected the system similar to compulsory medical treatment in foreign national legislation, and hoped to draw lessons from foreign legislation to draw lessons from foreign countries. The advanced experience, making up for a long time, makes the legislation of the compulsory medical system in China conforms to the trend of international legislation; finally, the main content of this article is that it is proposed to refine the compulsory medical system of psychosis into three levels, namely, the judicial compulsory medical treatment, the administrative and strong medical treatment, the civil compulsory medical treatment, and the existing of our country, respectively. In the design of the system of litigation, in the design of administrative compulsory medical treatment, referring to the provisions of the compulsory medical procedure in the present criminal procedure law, the compulsory medical system is perfected. Then the specific legislative proposals for the improvement of the compulsory medical system are put forward. The content involves the applicable object, the applicable conditions, the decision procedure and the execution place of the compulsory medical measures. In many aspects, such as the dissolution procedure, especially in the decision procedure, it is suggested that the hearing procedure be added to make the procedure more transparent, so as to better protect the legitimate rights and interests of the compulsory medical workers and prevent the occurrence of "psychosis".
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.2

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