对香港终审法院《关于非全职法官参与政治活动的指引》的法理探析

发布时间：2018-06-09 23:10

本文选题：全职法官 + 非全职法官　；参考：《政治与法律》2013年03期

【摘要】：2006年香港终审法院《关于非全职法官参与政治活动的指引》允许非全职法官成为政党成员,但反对非全职法官较积极参与政治活动。这与2004年香港终审法院《法官行为指引》要求法官应避免加入任何政治组织的规定不一致。考察国际社会相关立法发现,对是否以及如何规范法官参与政治活动的行为,目前国际社会暂无一致的做法,取决于各个国家或地区自己的法制选择。无论是根据香港基本法和香港本土法律的规定,还是基于非全职法官和全职法官行使司法权的性质,允许非全职法官成为政党成员都缺乏充分的法理依据,也无法应对非全职法官较积极参与政治活动而可能损害司法独立和司法公正的问题。由于香港特区司法权的重要性和非全职法官委任程序的相对封闭,允许非全职法官成为政党成员将可能加剧各方力量对香港司法权的争夺以及对非全职法官委任的影响。对此,应根据基本法的规定,规范非全职法官参与政治活动的行为,要求非全职法官远离政党和政治。
[Abstract]:The 2006 Hong Kong Court of final Appeal guidelines on the participation of Part-time judges in political activities allowed part-time judges to become members of political parties, but opposed more active participation of part-time judges in political activities. This is inconsistent with the 2004 Code of Conduct for judges of the Hong Kong Court of final Appeal, which requires judges to avoid joining any political organization. By examining the relevant legislation of the international community, it is found that whether and how to regulate the conduct of judges' participation in political activities, the international community does not have a consistent approach at present, which depends on each country or region's own choice of legal system. Whether in accordance with the basic Law of Hong Kong and the laws of Hong Kong, or because of the nature of the exercise of judicial power by part-time judges and full-time judges, there is no sufficient legal basis for allowing part-time judges to become members of political parties. Nor can it deal with the possibility of more active political involvement of part-time judges, which could undermine the independence and impartiality of the judiciary. Due to the importance of judicial power in the HKSAR and the relative closure of the procedure for appointing part-time judges, allowing part-time judges to become members of political parties may aggravate the competition for judicial power and the impact on the appointment of part-time judges. In accordance with the basic Law, it is necessary to regulate the participation of part-time judges in political activities and to require part-time judges to stay away from political parties and politics.
【作者单位】：深圳大学法学院;
【基金】：董立坤教授主持的教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“特别行政区制度在我国国家管理体制中的地位和作用研究”(项目批准号:10JZD0034-2)的资助
【分类号】：D926.2;D927

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