论我国环境污染侵权因果关系的认定

发布时间：2018-06-26 07:50

本文选题：环境污染 + 侵权　；参考：《苏州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代工业的快速发展，环境污染损害纠纷日益增多。环境污染的特征决定了污染与损害间的因果关系很难认定。按照传统侵权理论并不利于保护受害人合法权益，，于是因果关系推定理论应运而生。当前各国纷纷建立起因果关系推定原则，成为环境污染侵权因果关系的主要认定方法。我国亦逐渐在立法中改变传统做法，建立了举证责任倒置原则。但很多学者质疑举证责任倒置与因果关系推定并非同一概念，即使在我国举证责任倒置的制度体系下，环境污染侵权因果关系认定也存在很多问题，包括立法过于单一化、原则化；混淆了举证责任倒置与因果关系推定的区别；误解了举证责任倒置的内涵；因果关系推定的标准混乱等。针对以上问题，一是要在正确区分因果关系推定和举证责任倒置是两个不同概念的前提下，在环境污染侵权民事诉讼中引入因果关系推定原则。二是同时要尽快完善立法，科学分配举证责任。只有这样，才能为环境污染侵权受害者提供更有利于的保护，充分实现司法公正。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern industry, environmental pollution damage disputes are increasing. The characteristics of environmental pollution determine the cause and effect relationship between pollution and damage is difficult to identify. According to the traditional tort theory, it is not conducive to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the victims, so the theory of causation presumption should be born. The principle is the main method of determining the causation of environmental pollution tort. China has also gradually changed the traditional practice in the legislation and established the principle of inversion of the burden of proof. However, many scholars doubt that the inversion of the burden of proof and the presumption of causality are not the same concept, even under the system of the inversion of the burden of proof in our country, the cause of environmental pollution is caused by the infringement. There are also many problems in the determination of the relationship between fruit and fruit, including the simplification and principle of the legislation, the confusion of the difference between the inversion of the burden of proof and the presumption of causality, the misunderstanding of the connotation of the inversion of the burden of proof, the standard confusion of the presumption of causation, and so on. On the premise of two different concepts, the principle of causation is introduced in the tort civil action of environmental pollution. The two is to improve the legislation as soon as possible and distribute the burden of proof scientifically. Only in this way can we provide more favorable protection for the victims of environmental pollution tort and fully realize judicial justice.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923;D925.1

【参考文献】