刑事诉讼中合适成年人在场制度研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 12:34

【摘要】：近年以来,未成年人犯罪的比率持续飙升。未成年人在社会上本身属于一种特殊群体,他们还没有发育的足够成熟,所以对于他们来说,在被采取强制措施后,强大的国家机关很有可能会侵害到他们的权利。要保障他们司法上的正当权利不受侵害,就要在设立涉及到少年儿童的有关制度时,充分考虑到他们的身心特征,有些时候不能和普通的成年人在上适用的程序上保持完全一致,特殊情况下需要区别对待。这项制度要求司法机关在审讯未成年犯罪嫌疑人或者未成年被告人时,如果出现监护人没办法到场的情况,依法通知社会上的未成年保护组织派出足够资格替代监护人存在的人来辅助行使其在诉讼程序上应当享有的权利,保障他们应有的权利得到正常履行。我国2012修改的刑事诉讼法中,正式确立了该项制度,我国自2003年实行合适成年人在场制度以来,已经过十几年时间的探索,但是在各地区现实的实践过程中,逐渐表现出了一些不足之处。所以为了改进这一制度,加强对未成年人享有的权利的保障,进一步适应司法实践的需求,使得该项制度日趋完善,笔者对该制度进行了多方面的剖析。本文一共分为四部分,第一部分论证了该制度会产生怎样的社会意义;第二部分首先总结阐述了有关的立法现状,紧接着对目前我国三个地区司法实践中的具体情形进行分析比较,得出他们之间的异同之处,分析利弊,为后面发现问题提出对策做铺垫;第三部分在阐述清楚立法现状,以及具体实践情形的对比之后,得出该制度施行过程中表现出来的一些弊端;第四部分通过前文中的对比总结,对表现出来的问题给出相应的完善方法。
[Abstract]:The rate of juvenile delinquency has soared in recent years. Minors themselves belong to a special group in society, they are not mature enough, so for them, after the adoption of coercive measures, the powerful state will probably infringe on their rights. In order to ensure that their legitimate rights in the administration of justice are not infringed upon, it is essential that their physical and mental characteristics be fully taken into account in the establishment of relevant systems involving children and adolescents, Sometimes it's not exactly the same procedure as the average adult, and in exceptional cases it needs to be treated differently. This system requires the judicial organs to conduct trials of juvenile criminal suspects or minor defendants if the guardian is unable to be present. In accordance with the law, the minor protection organizations in the society send persons with sufficient qualifications to replace their guardians to assist in the exercise of their rights in the legal proceedings, and to ensure that their due rights are normally fulfilled. This system has been formally established in China's 2012 revised Criminal procedure Law. Since the implementation of the suitable adult presence system in 2003, China has been exploring for more than ten years, but in the practical process of various regions, Gradually showing some shortcomings. So in order to improve this system, strengthen the protection of the rights enjoyed by minors, further adapt to the needs of judicial practice, make the system more and more perfect, the author analyzed the system from various aspects. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part demonstrates the social significance of the system. Then, through the analysis and comparison of the specific situations in the judicial practice of the three regions of our country at present, we can find out the similarities and differences between them, analyze the advantages and disadvantages, and lay the groundwork for the countermeasures to find the problems in the future. The third part is to explain clearly the current situation of legislation. After the comparison of the specific practice, the author concludes some drawbacks in the implementation of the system; the fourth part through the comparison of the previous summary, the performance of the problems given the corresponding improvement methods.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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