论刑事诉讼中辩护律师的权利保障

发布时间：2018-08-02 11:30

【摘要】：在整个刑事司法程序当中,刑事辩护起着重要的作用,从根本上说,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人才是辩护权的主体。然而,在整个刑事诉讼程序中,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人往往处于被羁押的状态,而且在一般情况下他们自身是不具备足够的专业的法律知识的,要想充分维护自己的权利,他们通常都会寻求辩护律师的帮助。所以,从某种程度上说,辩护律师在整个刑事诉讼中所处何种地位以及辩护律师的权利能否得到充分的行使,对于刑事辩护职能的实现与否起着决定性作用,甚至还影响着整个刑事诉讼程序的公正以及社会主义法治社会的整体构建。2012年修改的《刑事诉讼法》,对于辩护制度做了进一步的完善,为辩护律师在刑事诉讼中更好地发挥作用提供了保障,但从实践当中的效果看,辩护律师行使权利时仍面临着重重阻挠,不仅有传统文化的影响,还有来自立法、司法等方面的重重困难和阻力,为了保障辩护律师权利的充分行使,实现司法公正,我们必须设法消除这些困难和阻力。首先,文章从分析基本理论出发,介绍了辩护、律师辩护和辩护律师的权利的概念,探究了辩护律师权利的特点和主要内容,对律师辩护权利保障的主要价值进行了梳理。其次,对域外两大法系主要国家刑事诉讼中辩护律师的主要权利进行考察,具体介绍了两大法系具有代表性的主要国家关于辩护律师讯问在场权、会见权、调查取证权、阅卷权以及言论豁免权的规定,以找出其中可借鉴的内容。再次,结合当前司法实践当中暴露的问题对我国目前刑事诉讼中辩护律师权利保障的不足进行归纳,对侦查、审查起诉以及审判阶段辩护律师权利保障存在的主要问题进行了列举,并从传统观念、立法理念以及律师队伍自身角度简要分析了问题的成因。最后,针对刑事诉讼各个阶段存在的问题逐一提出解决对策,通过具体权利的保障以及相关配套措施的完善,从而使我国辩护律师在刑事诉讼程序中的权利能够更好的行使,使辩护律师在刑事诉讼中能够发挥更大的作用。
[Abstract]:In the whole criminal justice procedure, criminal defense plays an important role. Fundamentally, criminal suspects and defendants are the main body of the right of defense. However, throughout the criminal procedure, suspects and defendants are often in custody, and in general they do not have enough professional legal knowledge to fully safeguard their rights, They usually seek the help of defence counsel. Therefore, to some extent, the position of defense counsel in the whole criminal proceedings and whether the rights of defense lawyers can be fully exercised play a decisive role in the realization of the criminal defense function. It even affects the justice of the entire criminal procedure and the overall construction of a socialist society ruled by law. The Criminal procedure Law, which was amended in 2012, has further improved the defense system. It provides a guarantee for defense lawyers to play a better role in criminal proceedings. However, judging from the effect of practice, defense lawyers still face numerous obstacles in exercising their rights, not only because of the influence of traditional culture, but also from legislation. In order to guarantee the full exercise of the right of defense counsel and realize the justice of justice, we must try our best to eliminate these difficulties and obstacles. Firstly, this paper introduces the concepts of defense, lawyer's defense and defense lawyer's right, probes into the characteristics and main contents of defense lawyer's right, and combs the main value of lawyer's defense right's guarantee. Secondly, the main rights of defense counsel in criminal proceedings in the two major legal systems of foreign countries are investigated, and the main countries with representative legal systems are introduced about the right of the defense lawyer to be present, to meet and to investigate and collect evidence. The right to read papers and the provisions of immunity from speech, to find out what can be used for reference. Thirdly, combined with the problems exposed in the current judicial practice, the deficiencies in the protection of the rights of defense lawyers in the current criminal proceedings in our country are summarized, and the investigation is made. This paper enumerates the main problems existing in the right guarantee of defense counsel in the stage of examining prosecution and trial, and briefly analyzes the causes of the problems from the perspective of traditional concepts, legislative ideas and lawyers themselves. Finally, to solve the problems in each stage of criminal procedure, through the protection of specific rights and the improvement of relevant supporting measures, so that the rights of defense lawyers in criminal proceedings can be better exercised. So that defense lawyers in criminal proceedings can play a greater role.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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