行政诉讼调解制度法律问题研究
发布时间：2018-08-20 07:31
【摘要】：新《行政诉讼法》确立了行政诉讼调解制度,使我国行政诉讼不再局限于审判和撤诉两种结案方式,实践中以撤诉为结案手段的“隐形调解”正式进入法律规制的范围内,行政诉讼调解制度的确立也引发了学界对于行政诉讼调解具体适用的讨论和探究。随着我国公民权利意识的高涨和登记立案制度的实行,近年来行政案件呈递增趋势,复杂的行政纠纷和有限的司法资源使得司法机关在超负荷运行,调解制度的定纷止争功能具有其它制度无法比拟的优势,该制度的确立是我国行政诉讼制度发展的体现,也是构建法治社会、和谐社会的成果。行政诉讼法首次确立行政诉讼调解制度,仅抽象性、原则性的法律规定使得该制度在法律适用上出现立法缺失的现状,在司法实践中容易出现一些问题。简单延续以往参照民事诉讼相关制度的做法忽略了行政诉讼之于民事诉讼的特殊性,与行政诉讼调解制度建立之初立法者的意图相悖。调解制度和撤诉制度没有在程序上彻底区分开来,易在实践中混为一谈。现有行政诉讼调解制度缺乏具体规则和监督机制,使得该制度在在适用的过程中极易被滥用、被异化,不能充分尊重当事人的意愿和保护他们的合法权益。当前的行政诉讼体系下,完善行政诉讼调解制度是必要的。本文首先分析了行政诉讼调解的内涵和相关概念,以便对行政诉讼调解有个清晰的认识和定性,然后对我国行政诉讼调解主流观点的发展进行阐述并论述了行政诉讼调解制度的价值,接着分析了我国现在的立法缺陷和实践中可能会出现的问题,最后针对相关问题对该制度相关规则的完善提出一些本人的看法。完善行政诉讼调解制度,首先要充分理解合法自愿原则和把握其审查标准,行政自由裁量案件的厘定是行政诉讼案件的难点;其次,具体程序的设定应明确调解的启动时间是在受理行政案件后到行政判决前和法院对于调解申请和调解协议的审查程序和标准;最后是调解达成之后的救济程序和再审程序的启动,包括当事人在调解书生效前拥有反悔权等都是本文论述的主要内容。登记立案制度的确立使得行政诉讼案件激增、面对更多更复杂的案件,法院面临着重大挑战。在行政诉讼调解制度建立的初期,需要建立具体的规则用以规范调解行为,法院在适用上也面临着新的问题和挑战,该制度还处于自我完善和不断纠错的过程中,仍需要实践的不断积累和理论的不断完善。
[Abstract]:The new Administrative Procedure Law establishes the administrative litigation mediation system, which makes the administrative litigation in China no longer confined to trial and withdrawal. In practice, the "invisible mediation" with withdrawal as the means of closing a case formally enters the scope of legal regulation. The establishment of the administrative litigation mediation system also triggers the specific adjustment of the academic circles to the administrative litigation mediation. With the rising awareness of civil rights and the implementation of the registration and filing system in China, administrative cases have shown an increasing trend in recent years. The complex administrative disputes and limited judicial resources make the judicial organs run overloaded. The function of mediation system to settle disputes has advantages that other systems can not compare with. Establishment is the embodiment of the development of the administrative litigation system in China, and also the result of the construction of a society ruled by law and a harmonious society. In the past, the practice of referring to the relevant systems of civil litigation neglected the particularity of administrative litigation to civil litigation, which was contrary to the intention of legislators at the beginning of the establishment of administrative litigation mediation system. Under the current administrative litigation system, it is necessary to improve the administrative litigation mediation system. This paper first analyzes the connotation and related concepts of administrative litigation mediation, so as to make it easier to abuse and alienate the system in the process of application. There is a clear understanding and nature of administrative litigation mediation. Then it expounds the development of the mainstream view of administrative litigation mediation in China and discusses the value of administrative litigation mediation system. Then it analyzes the current legislative defects and problems that may arise in practice. Finally, it perfects the relevant rules of the system in view of relevant problems. In order to perfect the mediation system of administrative litigation, we should first fully understand the principle of legitimate voluntariness and grasp its examination standard. The determination of administrative discretion cases is the difficulty of administrative litigation cases; secondly, the setting of specific procedures should make it clear that the starting time of mediation is from the acceptance of administrative cases to the administrative judgment and before the court. The main content of this article is to examine the procedure and standard of mediation application and mediation agreement; finally, to initiate the relief procedure and retrial procedure after conciliation, including the party's right of repentance before conciliation comes into effect. In the early days of the establishment of the administrative litigation mediation system, it is necessary to establish specific rules to regulate the mediation behavior. The court is also facing new problems and challenges in its application. The system is still in the process of self-improvement and constant error correction, and still needs the continuous accumulation of practice and theoretical improvement.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3
本文编号：2192879
[Abstract]:The new Administrative Procedure Law establishes the administrative litigation mediation system, which makes the administrative litigation in China no longer confined to trial and withdrawal. In practice, the "invisible mediation" with withdrawal as the means of closing a case formally enters the scope of legal regulation. The establishment of the administrative litigation mediation system also triggers the specific adjustment of the academic circles to the administrative litigation mediation. With the rising awareness of civil rights and the implementation of the registration and filing system in China, administrative cases have shown an increasing trend in recent years. The complex administrative disputes and limited judicial resources make the judicial organs run overloaded. The function of mediation system to settle disputes has advantages that other systems can not compare with. Establishment is the embodiment of the development of the administrative litigation system in China, and also the result of the construction of a society ruled by law and a harmonious society. In the past, the practice of referring to the relevant systems of civil litigation neglected the particularity of administrative litigation to civil litigation, which was contrary to the intention of legislators at the beginning of the establishment of administrative litigation mediation system. Under the current administrative litigation system, it is necessary to improve the administrative litigation mediation system. This paper first analyzes the connotation and related concepts of administrative litigation mediation, so as to make it easier to abuse and alienate the system in the process of application. There is a clear understanding and nature of administrative litigation mediation. Then it expounds the development of the mainstream view of administrative litigation mediation in China and discusses the value of administrative litigation mediation system. Then it analyzes the current legislative defects and problems that may arise in practice. Finally, it perfects the relevant rules of the system in view of relevant problems. In order to perfect the mediation system of administrative litigation, we should first fully understand the principle of legitimate voluntariness and grasp its examination standard. The determination of administrative discretion cases is the difficulty of administrative litigation cases; secondly, the setting of specific procedures should make it clear that the starting time of mediation is from the acceptance of administrative cases to the administrative judgment and before the court. The main content of this article is to examine the procedure and standard of mediation application and mediation agreement; finally, to initiate the relief procedure and retrial procedure after conciliation, including the party's right of repentance before conciliation comes into effect. In the early days of the establishment of the administrative litigation mediation system, it is necessary to establish specific rules to regulate the mediation behavior. The court is also facing new problems and challenges in its application. The system is still in the process of self-improvement and constant error correction, and still needs the continuous accumulation of practice and theoretical improvement.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3
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