以审判为中心背景下证人出庭制度的完善
发布时间：2018-09-03 09:24
【摘要】：2016年6月,中央全面深化改革领导小组第25次会议审议通过了《关于全面推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的意见》,强调推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革,要重视发挥庭审的作用,其中第十二条明确规定要完善证人出庭作证制度,提高证人出庭率。出庭率低一直是我国司法实践中存在的难题,为了推进以审判为中心的诉讼改革,我们必须严格按照意见的要求,严格规范法庭审理程序,规范法庭调查,强化庭前准备的程序功能,完善庭前会议制度,落实证人强制出庭制度,完善证人保护和证人补偿,提高证人出庭率。要完善以审判为中心背景下我国证人出庭制度,必须分析证人出庭制度的现状和存在的问题,通过调查和分析,我国证人出庭制度在立法上存在一些缺陷,在司法实践中,司法机关不愿意证人出庭作证是因为办案压力,证人考虑到自身的安全也不情愿出庭作证,同时实践中庭前证言代替了当庭证言的使用,这些原因导致我国证人出庭率低的问题一直没有解决,结合实践中存在的问题,可以从四个方面来完善证人出庭制度。第一,完善庭前会议程序和法庭调查程序。强化庭前会议的作用,规范法庭质证。第二,完善强制证人出庭制度。依法明确证人出庭作证的范围,限制法官的自由裁量权,完善证人出庭的强制措施和免证权。第三,明确庭前证言的效力,限制庭前证言的使用。明确证人拒绝出庭后庭前证言的效力,在证人应当出庭作证的法定情况下,如果证人无正当理由拒绝出庭作证,无论该证人证言的真实性是否能够确认,都不能将其作为定案依据,明确证人出庭情况下庭前证言的效力。第四,加强对证人的保护和经济补偿。扩大证人保护范围,明确证人保护内容,增加证人保护案件范围和保护措施,明确证人保护程序和保护主体,建立证人补助专项经费划拨机制,由政府拨款建立证人补助专项经费,专款专用,加强对证人的经济补偿。
[Abstract]:In June 2016, the 25th meeting of the Central leading Group for Comprehensive deepening Reform deliberated and adopted the views on comprehensively promoting the Reform of the Trial-Centered Criminal Litigation system, emphasizing the promotion of the reform of the Litigation system with the trial as the center. We should pay more attention to the function of trial, among which Article 12 clearly stipulates that the system of witness appearing in court should be perfected and the rate of witness appearing in court should be improved. The low court attendance rate has always been a difficult problem in the judicial practice of our country. In order to promote the trial centered litigation reform, we must strictly standardize the court hearing procedure and the court investigation in accordance with the requirements of the opinion. Strengthen the procedure function of pre-court preparation, perfect the system of pre-court meeting, implement the system of witness compulsory appearance, perfect witness protection and witness compensation, and improve the rate of witness appearing in court. In order to perfect the system of witnesses appearing in court under the background of taking trial as the center, we must analyze the present situation and existing problems of the system of witnesses appearing in court. Through investigation and analysis, there are some defects in the legislation of the system of witnesses appearing in court in our country, which are in judicial practice. Judicial organs do not want witnesses to testify in court because of the pressure of handling the case, and the witness is reluctant to testify because of his own safety. At the same time, in practice, pretrial testimony has replaced the use of testimony in court. These reasons lead to the low witness appearance rate in our country has not been resolved, combined with the existing problems in practice, we can improve the witness court system from four aspects. First, perfect the procedure of the pre-court meeting and the procedure of court investigation. Strengthen the role of the pretrial meeting and standardize the court cross-examination. Second, improve the compulsory witness court system. In accordance with the law, the scope of witness appearing in court is defined, the discretion of judge is limited, and the compulsory measure and exemption right of witness appearing in court are perfected. Third, make clear the validity of pretrial testimony and limit the use of pretrial testimony. It is clear that the validity of the witness's refusal to testify before the court after the court, if the witness refuses to give evidence before the court without proper reason, whether or not the authenticity of the witness's testimony can be confirmed, under the legal circumstances where the witness should appear before the court to testify, Neither of them can be regarded as the basis of the final case, and the validity of the witness's pre-court testimony under the condition of witness appearing in court is clear. Fourth, strengthen the protection of witnesses and economic compensation. To expand the scope of witness protection, to clarify the content of witness protection, to increase the scope and measures of witness protection cases, to clarify witness protection procedures and subjects, and to establish a mechanism for allocating special funds for witness subsidies. The government funds the establishment of special funds for witness subsidies, earmarked funds to strengthen the financial compensation of witnesses.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2
本文编号：2219563
[Abstract]:In June 2016, the 25th meeting of the Central leading Group for Comprehensive deepening Reform deliberated and adopted the views on comprehensively promoting the Reform of the Trial-Centered Criminal Litigation system, emphasizing the promotion of the reform of the Litigation system with the trial as the center. We should pay more attention to the function of trial, among which Article 12 clearly stipulates that the system of witness appearing in court should be perfected and the rate of witness appearing in court should be improved. The low court attendance rate has always been a difficult problem in the judicial practice of our country. In order to promote the trial centered litigation reform, we must strictly standardize the court hearing procedure and the court investigation in accordance with the requirements of the opinion. Strengthen the procedure function of pre-court preparation, perfect the system of pre-court meeting, implement the system of witness compulsory appearance, perfect witness protection and witness compensation, and improve the rate of witness appearing in court. In order to perfect the system of witnesses appearing in court under the background of taking trial as the center, we must analyze the present situation and existing problems of the system of witnesses appearing in court. Through investigation and analysis, there are some defects in the legislation of the system of witnesses appearing in court in our country, which are in judicial practice. Judicial organs do not want witnesses to testify in court because of the pressure of handling the case, and the witness is reluctant to testify because of his own safety. At the same time, in practice, pretrial testimony has replaced the use of testimony in court. These reasons lead to the low witness appearance rate in our country has not been resolved, combined with the existing problems in practice, we can improve the witness court system from four aspects. First, perfect the procedure of the pre-court meeting and the procedure of court investigation. Strengthen the role of the pretrial meeting and standardize the court cross-examination. Second, improve the compulsory witness court system. In accordance with the law, the scope of witness appearing in court is defined, the discretion of judge is limited, and the compulsory measure and exemption right of witness appearing in court are perfected. Third, make clear the validity of pretrial testimony and limit the use of pretrial testimony. It is clear that the validity of the witness's refusal to testify before the court after the court, if the witness refuses to give evidence before the court without proper reason, whether or not the authenticity of the witness's testimony can be confirmed, under the legal circumstances where the witness should appear before the court to testify, Neither of them can be regarded as the basis of the final case, and the validity of the witness's pre-court testimony under the condition of witness appearing in court is clear. Fourth, strengthen the protection of witnesses and economic compensation. To expand the scope of witness protection, to clarify the content of witness protection, to increase the scope and measures of witness protection cases, to clarify witness protection procedures and subjects, and to establish a mechanism for allocating special funds for witness subsidies. The government funds the establishment of special funds for witness subsidies, earmarked funds to strengthen the financial compensation of witnesses.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2
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