论恶意诉讼及其规制

发布时间：2018-09-06 07:55

【摘要】：随着社会和经济的不断进步，社会竞争愈加激烈，人们的利益冲突愈发突兀，致使社会纠纷不断发生，诉讼越来越多，且日益复杂化，而且恶意诉讼现象日趋严重，这种现象不仅侵害了他人的合法权益，还严重损害了司法公平正义，极大的浪费了司法资源，严重干扰了司法秩序，社会危害增大，引起越来越多的关注。新民事诉讼法增加了第一百一十二条、第一百一十三条两个条款规定，对当事人之间恶意串通,企图通过诉讼、调解等方式侵害他人合法权益的，以及被执行人与他人恶意串通，通过诉讼、仲裁、调解等方式逃避履行法律文书确定的义务的共两种情形作出了针对性规定。该些规定都积极反应了司法实践的诉求，使得规制当事人双方恶意串通进行损害他人合法权益或者逃避执行的恶意诉讼行为，第一次有了法律上的依据。但是恶意诉讼问题的存在且不断蔓延，，所以对恶意诉讼的法律规制已经迫在眉睫。恶意诉讼不仅仅是我国独有的问题，不管是大陆法系还是英美法系的域外国家，都同样面对着恶意诉讼问题，都对这一问题进行了探索和规制。本文分别对大陆法系和英美法系作了探索并对二者关于民事恶意诉讼的规制作了对比，为我国更好的应对民事恶意诉讼问题提出了经验，我国可以借鉴国外经验更好的完善我国立法体系。本文借鉴大陆法系和英美法系的理论基础和规制措施对我国恶意诉讼问题进行了比较深入的探讨，全文内容共分为以下四个部分。首先通过五个典型的案例引出恶意诉讼现象，然后提出恶意诉讼的概念及其表现形式，并利用比较分析法对恶意诉讼相似概念进行辨析。对恶意诉讼进行综合性分析进而发现恶意诉讼生成的原因，对恶意诉讼生成的多方面原因进一步进行分析,并对恶意诉讼产生的后果作了具体的说明。对恶意诉讼侵权行为的立法从实际出发，具体分析大陆法系和英美法系先进的立法对恶意诉讼的规制模式，对规制我国恶意诉讼提出经验和借鉴。最后鉴于立法问题绝非是恶意诉讼生成的唯一问题，因此，结合当前立法现状并根据实践操作的可行性，从多个方面对恶意诉讼的法律规制提出应对之策。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of society and economy, the social competition is becoming more and more fierce, and the conflicts of interest of people become more and more abrupt, resulting in more and more social disputes, more and more litigation, and more malicious litigation, and the phenomenon of malicious litigation is becoming more and more serious. This phenomenon not only infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of others, but also seriously damages judicial fairness and justice, wastes judicial resources, seriously interferes with judicial order, increases social harm, and attracts more and more attention. The new Code of Civil procedure has added articles 112 and 113 to provide for malicious collusion between the parties in an attempt to infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of others by means of litigation, mediation, etc. And the executor and others malicious collusion, through litigation, arbitration, mediation and other ways to evade the obligations determined by the legal documents made specific provisions. These provisions all positively reflect the appeal of judicial practice, which makes it possible to regulate the malicious litigation of both parties in malicious collusion to injure the legitimate rights and interests of others or to evade execution, for the first time, there is a legal basis for regulating the malicious actions of both parties. But the existence and spread of malicious litigation problem, so the legal regulation of malicious litigation is imminent. Malicious litigation is not only a unique problem in China, but also faces the problem of malicious litigation in both the civil law system and the extra-territorial countries of Anglo-American law system, which has been explored and regulated. This paper explores the civil law system and Anglo-American law system respectively, and makes a comparison between the two rules on civil malicious litigation, and puts forward the experience for our country to deal with the problem of civil malicious litigation better. Our country may draw lessons from the foreign experience better consummates our country legislation system. Based on the theoretical basis and regulatory measures of the civil law system and the common law system, this paper makes a deep discussion on the malicious litigation in China. The content of this paper is divided into the following four parts. This paper first introduces the phenomenon of malicious litigation through five typical cases, then puts forward the concept of malicious litigation and its forms of expression, and analyzes the similar concept of malicious litigation by comparative analysis. This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of malicious litigation and finds out the causes of the formation of malicious litigation, and further analyzes the various causes of malicious litigation, and makes a concrete explanation of the consequences of malicious litigation. The legislation of malicious litigation tort is based on the reality, and analyzes the regulation mode of the advanced legislation of civil law system and Anglo-American law system, and puts forward the experience and reference to the regulation of malicious litigation in our country. Finally, considering that legislation is by no means the only problem of malicious litigation, combined with the current legislative situation and the feasibility of practical operation, the author puts forward some countermeasures for the legal regulation of malicious litigation from many aspects.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D925.1

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