证据法革新的框架

发布时间：2018-09-08 20:45

【摘要】：法治如同一种粘合剂,将社会各部分安稳地维系在一起。它给人们提供了途径,以便事先知晓权利和义务,并可围绕其进行协商。我拥有某样东西,你想要得到这样东西。你就需要与我就其价格进行洽谈而不能肆意地侵占。因此,在这个重要意义上,法律实际上是赋予了人们自由而非限制。人们习惯上将法治的价值主要归结于对权利及其相应义务的描绘。这种观点有一定道理,但其模糊了某些同等重要的因素,即:没有争议的准确解决——换言之,若没有准确的事实认定——权利和义务便都失去了意义。证据法有助于准确的事实认定,是法治中最为关键的一环;一部完善的证据法虽无法确保法治的实现,但却绝对是法治的必要组成部分。然而,构建完善的证据法绝非易事,因为证据规则属于诉讼理论的一部分;诉讼理论又包含于政府理论之中;而各国的政府理论可谓是千差万别。此外,对于如何最有效率和效果地寻找事实真相仍然存在分歧,且与之相关的是,当追求事实真相的价值与其它社会价值处于竞争关系时,孰优孰劣、如何取舍的问题也存在着分歧。最后,外行事实认定者(如陪审员)的参与会影响到诉讼程序的架构。总之,证据法至少要安置好五方面问题,即:架构问题、认识论问题、社会问题、管理问题和执行问题。
[Abstract]:The rule of law is a glue that holds all parts of society together safely. It provides a way for people to know and negotiate about rights and obligations in advance. I have something that you want to get. You'll need to negotiate with me about the price without encroaching on it. Therefore, in this important sense, the law actually gives people freedom rather than restriction. It is customary to attribute the value of the rule of law to the description of rights and their corresponding obligations. There is some truth in this view, but it obscures some equally important factors, that is, there is no accurate resolution of the dispute-in other words, without an accurate factual determination-rights and obligations are meaningless. The evidence law is the most important part of the rule of law, and a perfect evidence law can not ensure the realization of the rule of law, but it is absolutely an essential part of the rule of law. However, it is not easy to construct a perfect law of evidence, because the rules of evidence belong to a part of the litigation theory, and the theory of litigation is contained in the theory of government. In addition, there are still differences on how to find the truth most efficiently and effectively, and, related to it, when the value of seeking truth is in a competitive relationship with other social values, what is better, There are also differences about how to choose and choose. Finally, the involvement of layman (e. G. Jurors) affects the structure of the proceedings. In a word, the evidence law should settle at least five problems, namely: structure problem, epistemological problem, social problem, management problem and executive problem.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学证据科学研究院外国专家咨询委员会;中国政法大学诉讼法学研究院;中国政法大学证据科学研究院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究项目2013年青年基金项目“证人弹劾制度研究”(编号:13YJC820073)阶段性成果
【分类号】：D915.13

【相似文献】