检察机关提起公益诉讼制度探析

发布时间：2018-09-10 06:05

【摘要】：公益诉讼在中国问世后,虽波折不断,但薪火相传不绝如缕。近年来,各级人民检察院依据《宪法》所赋予的法律监督职责提起了若干公益诉讼,并得到了各级人民法院的支持,极大的保护了社会公益。2012年新修订的《民事诉讼法》第五十五条首次明确了公益诉讼的法律地位,具有划时代的意义。但其规定仅限于原则性规定,可诉性与可操作性不佳。最高法虽在其后颁布的司法解释中对该条文进一步进行了明确与完善,但离构建成熟完备的公益诉讼制度尚有一定距离。纵观公益诉讼在我国的发展历史,虽然在一些法律条文中有所涉及,但却没有形成完善的制度体系。反观西方发达国家,已经普遍建立起了以检察机关为原告主体的公益诉讼制度。因此,本文就检察机关提起公益诉讼的相关问题进行研究,从法理、法律、实践三个维度进行探讨,全面分析阐述检察机关提起公益诉讼的可行性和必要性,并进而分析了我国检察机关提起公益诉讼所面临的主体资格问题与实践困境,再从法律地位、原则体系、受案范围、程序体系四个方面,就我国检察机关提起公益诉讼的制度体系建设提出自己的设想,以期为健全具有中国特色的社会主义公益诉讼制度略尽薄力、添砖加瓦。
[Abstract]:Public interest litigation came out in China, although continuous twists and turns, but the fire legend. In recent years, people's procuratorates at all levels have instituted a number of public welfare lawsuits in accordance with the legal supervision duties entrusted to them by the Constitution, and have received the support of people's courts at all levels. Article 55 of the newly revised Civil procedure Law in 2012 defines the legal status of public interest litigation for the first time and has epoch-making significance. But its stipulation is limited to the principle stipulation, the litigability and the maneuverability are not good. Although the Supreme Law further clarified and perfected this provision in the judicial interpretation issued later, it is still far from constructing a mature and complete public interest litigation system. Looking at the development history of public interest litigation in China, although it has been involved in some legal provisions, it has not formed a perfect system. On the other hand, western developed countries have established the public interest litigation system with procuratorial organ as the main body of plaintiff. Therefore, this article carries on the research to the procuratorial organ to initiate the public interest lawsuit related question, from the legal principle, the law, the practice three dimensions carries on the discussion, comprehensively analyzes and elaborates the procuratorial organ to initiate the public interest lawsuit the feasibility and the necessity, And then it analyzes the qualification problems and practical difficulties faced by the procuratorial organs in initiating public interest litigation, and then analyzes the legal status, the principle system, the scope of receiving cases, the procedural system, and the following four aspects: the legal status, the principle system and the procedure system. This paper puts forward some ideas on the system construction of public interest litigation filed by procuratorial organs in our country in order to make little effort to perfect the socialist public interest litigation system with Chinese characteristics and to contribute to the construction of public interest litigation system with Chinese characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D925;D926.3

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