环境民事公益诉讼程序规则研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 15:31

【摘要】：近年来,我国环境污染日益严重,生态环境不断恶化。环境民事公益诉讼成为理论学术界的热点话题,各地人民法院也逐步开展环境民事公益诉讼探索实践。随着《民事诉讼法》、《环境保护法》的修改,以及最高人民法院、最高人民检察院出台颁布一系列环境民事公益诉讼司法解释和规范性文件,我国环境民事公益诉讼实践进入快速发展阶段。然而环境民事公益诉讼在司法实践中仍然暴露出诸多问题,具体的程序规则可操作性不强,在原告资格、举证责任、鉴定、调解等程序上仍存在不足和弊端,因此需要构建一套符合实际审理需求的环境民事公益诉讼程序规则体系。本文共分六个部分。第一部分,环境民事公益诉讼程序规则的概述,介绍我国环境民事公益诉讼程序规则的发展历程,以时间顺序分析了其程序规则在立法和司法实践中的演变,进一步分析了程序规则的公益性和职权性的特征。第二部分,具体剖析了国内外环境民事公益诉讼程序规则实践,国内部分主要介绍了贵阳、云南、江苏三个具有代表性的环境民事公益诉讼实践,重点分析了其程序规则的亮点;国外部分考察了美国、印度和日本的环境民事公益诉讼程序规则实践,并从其先进做法中获得一定的启示。第三部分,环境民事公益诉讼起诉程序,主要阐述了环境民事公益诉讼原告资格的立法规定,并分析了原告资格存在的问题,重点讨论了公民、环保行政主管部门、检察机关以及社会组织是否具备提起环境民事公益诉讼的权利。第四部分,环境民事公益诉讼审前程序,主要介绍了设立审前程序的必要性,以及审前程序存在的问题,重点分析了环境民事公益诉讼审前程序中的释明权。第五部分,环境民事公益诉讼审判程序,主要从举证责任的分配、鉴定、调解三个方面进行论述,分析了这三大程序规则的必要性和存在的问题。第六部分,完善环境民事公益诉讼程序规则的法律路径,主要从起诉程序、审前程序和审判程序三个角度出发,对我国环境民事公益诉讼程序规则提出一些完善性建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's environmental pollution is increasingly serious, the ecological environment is deteriorating. Environmental civil public interest litigation has become a hot topic in academic circles, and local people's courts have gradually carried out environmental civil public interest litigation exploration practice. With the revision of the Civil procedure Law, the Environmental Protection Law, and the promulgation of a series of judicial interpretations and normative documents by the Supreme people's Court and the Supreme people's Procuratorate, China's environmental civil public interest litigation practice has entered a rapid development stage. However, environmental civil public interest litigation is still exposed many problems in judicial practice, the specific procedural rules are not operable, in the plaintiff's qualification, burden of proof, identification, mediation and other procedures are still inadequate and malpractice, Therefore, it is necessary to construct a set of environmental civil public interest litigation procedure rules system in accordance with the actual needs of trial. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is an overview of the procedural rules of environmental civil public interest litigation, introduces the development of environmental civil public interest procedural rules in China, and analyzes the evolution of the procedural rules in legislative and judicial practice in chronological order. Further analysis of the procedural rules of public welfare and functions and powers of the characteristics. In the second part, the author analyzes the practice of environmental civil public interest litigation rules at home and abroad. The domestic part mainly introduces three representative environmental civil public welfare litigation practices in Guiyang, Yunnan and Jiangsu. Focusing on the highlights of its procedural rules, the foreign part investigates the practice of environmental civil public interest procedural rules in the United States, India and Japan, and obtains some enlightenment from its advanced practices. The third part, the environmental civil public interest litigation procedure, mainly elaborated the environmental civil public interest litigation plaintiff qualification legislation stipulation, and analyzed the plaintiff qualification existence question, has discussed the citizen, the environmental protection administration department emphatically, Whether procuratorial organs and social organizations have the right to initiate environmental civil public interest litigation. The fourth part, the environmental civil public interest litigation pretrial procedure, mainly introduces the necessity of setting up the pretrial procedure, as well as the problems existing in the pretrial procedure, focusing on the analysis of the environmental civil public interest litigation pretrial procedure of the right of interpretation. The fifth part, the environmental civil public interest litigation trial procedure, mainly from the burden of proof distribution, appraisal, mediation three aspects to discuss, analyzed the three procedural rules of necessity and existing problems. The sixth part, perfect the legal path of the environmental civil public interest litigation procedure rule, mainly from the prosecution procedure, the pretrial procedure and the trial procedure three angles, put forward some perfect suggestions to our country environment civil public interest lawsuit procedure rule.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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