实体真实的相对性——修改后刑诉法第五十三条证明标准的理解和适用

发布时间：2018-10-09 20:02

【摘要】：修改后刑诉法规定"综合全案证据,对所认定事实已排除合理怀疑",是对证明标准的规定,是逻辑和经验法则的立法运用。深刻理解和把握"排除合理怀疑"的最基本的问题是诉讼认识论问题,亦即诉讼认识决定着"排除合理怀疑"的证明标准,只能达到相对的实体真实,也叫"实体真实的相对性"。其源于两方面的因素:一是辩证唯物主义的认识论是查明案件事实的科学的世界观和方法论。刑诉法中的真实毕竟是诉讼法上的概念,它只能是"尽可能接近于真相的事实"。二是刑事诉讼的目的决定着实体真实的相对性。修改后刑诉法关于证明标准的规定,已经从积极的实体真实转向了消极的实体真实,或曰相对的实体真实。这一观念的转变,对"综合全案证据,对所认定的事实已排除合理怀疑"的把握和运用十分重要。
[Abstract]:The revised Criminal procedure Law stipulates that "synthesizing the evidence of the whole case without reasonable doubt on the facts identified" is the stipulation of the standard of proof and the legislative application of the logic and the rule of experience. The most basic problem of deeply understanding and grasping "beyond reasonable doubt" is the problem of litigation epistemology, that is, litigation cognition determines the proof standard of "eliminating reasonable doubt", which can only achieve relative entity truth. It is also called the relativity of entity reality. It originates from two factors: first, dialectical materialism epistemology is the scientific world outlook and methodology to find out the facts of the case. After all, the truth in the Criminal procedure Law is the concept of procedural law, it can only be "as close to the truth as possible". Second, the purpose of criminal proceedings determines the relativity of substantial reality. The standard of proof in the revised Criminal procedure Law has changed from positive entity reality to negative entity truth or relative entity reality. The change of this concept is very important to the comprehension and application of comprehensive evidence and reasonable doubt.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学;司法文明协同创新研究中心;
【分类号】：D925.2

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