慈善与社会救助衔接机制的法学探讨

发布时间：2018-10-18 15:23

【摘要】：2014年12月31日,国务院召开了第四十次常务会议,会议就促进慈善与社会救助衔接互补工作做出专门部署。慈善与社会救助的衔接是中国法治建设的必然发展趋势,这其中,如何进行衔接是关键。然而目前实务部门与理论界对此都没有很明确的举措。本文拟对慈善与社会救助衔接机制进行法学探讨,由此提出衔接机制的构建,从三个部分来探讨:第一部分是以慈善与社会救助衔接机制的现状为开篇。通过对“慈善一日捐”现象的思考,由此得出慈善与社会救助的混淆,进而对两者的区分加以阐述。并通过国家责任的缺失以及社会组织自身弱化两个角度的阐述,来分析慈善与社会救助衔接机制存在的困境。第二部分是对慈善与社会救助衔接机制的必要性与可行性分析。从政府责任的强化、社会组织的培育以及公共利益最大化的三个角度来探讨慈善与社会救助衔接机制的必要性;在可行性方面,因为相关法律法规、政策的出台,使得政府购买、行政合同、行政公益诉讼的开展都有了法律依据,本文正是需要通过上述中政府购买的法律化、行政合同的法律化,以及行政公益诉讼的开展来实现对慈善与社会救助衔接机制的具体操作,当然要以政社分离的大趋势为前提。第三部分是慈善与社会救助衔接机制的构建,并以此总结全文。对于衔接具体的操作:首先,要确定慈善与社会救助衔接机制中的主体关系的法律定位为公私合作、政府购买的关系。其次,通过行政合同运行机制来实现两者的衔接,包括要明确慈善与社会救助衔接机制中双方的权利和义务以及行政合同所产生纠纷的行政诉讼的救济。最后,关于慈善与社会救助衔接机制运行中的保障机制,如果衔接主体的双方出现共谋损害公共利益的行为,检察机关可以提起行政公益诉讼并明确法律责任的承担。
[Abstract]:On December 31, 2014, the State Council held its fortieth executive meeting, which made special arrangements to promote the complementarity of charity and social assistance. The connection between charity and social assistance is the inevitable development trend of the construction of rule of law in China, among which, how to link up is the key. However, at present, the practical departments and theorists are not very clear about this measure. This paper intends to discuss the link mechanism of charity and social assistance by law, and puts forward the construction of the cohesive mechanism from three parts: the first part begins with the current situation of the link mechanism between charity and social assistance. The confusion between charity and social assistance is obtained through the reflection of the phenomenon of "giving charity one day", and the distinction between the two is expounded. Through the analysis of the absence of national responsibility and the weakening of social organization itself, this paper analyzes the dilemma of the linkage mechanism of charity and social assistance. The second part is the necessity and feasibility analysis of the link mechanism of charity and social assistance. This paper discusses the necessity of the linkage mechanism between charity and social assistance from the three angles of strengthening the responsibility of the government, fostering social organizations and maximizing the public interest. In terms of feasibility, because of the introduction of relevant laws, regulations and policies, So that the government purchase, the administrative contract, the administrative public interest litigation has the legal basis, this article just needs to pass the above mentioned government purchase legalization, the administrative contract legalization, And the development of administrative public interest litigation to realize the specific operation of the joint mechanism of charity and social assistance, of course, the major trend of separation of government and society as the premise. The third part is the construction of the link mechanism of charity and social assistance, and summarizes the full text. For the specific operation of cohesion: first, to determine the relationship between charity and social assistance in the legal relationship between the main body of the public-private partnership, the relationship between government purchase. Secondly, through the operation mechanism of administrative contract to realize the connection between the two, including to clarify the rights and obligations of both parties in the mechanism of linking charity and social assistance, as well as the relief of administrative litigation arising from disputes arising from administrative contracts. Finally, with regard to the guarantee mechanism in the operation of the joint mechanism of charity and social assistance, if the two sides of the convergence subject conspire to harm the public interest, the procuratorial organ can file administrative public interest litigation and make clear the legal responsibility.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3

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