民事执行和解效力研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 19:45

【摘要】：民事执行和解发生于民事执行程序内,具体含义就是双方当事人以平等自愿协商一致为基础,更改已被生效法律文书确认的权利义务关系。民事执行和解是一种法律制度,经过人民法院确认后可使执行程序告终,其效力是指该制度在司法程序内发挥效用时,于程序、实体等各方面产生法律效果。区别于其他和解或调解制度的效力,执行和解效力在主体、客体、达成时间等方面都独树一帜。由于当前我国立法未对执行和解效力做出清晰的界定,司法实践中的运用并不统一,学界内的观点也因此争论不休。本文认为,该效力实际上是不具备强制执行力的实践性民事契约效力。此观点的建立以民事执行和解协议特性与民事契约特性几乎重合为前提。执行和解协议对所有当事人都有拘束力,但它产生的效力不包含既判力,并且,未经法院司法程序确认,民事执行和解协议不具备强制执行力,不能成为强制执行的依据。在程序法方面,本文支持终结执行说,当达成执行和解协议时,即刻生成终结执行效力。而在其他特殊情形下,执行和解效力也会因情况不同而异。在民事执行程序中,民事执行和解有利于融化当事人间矛盾坚冰,也为处理当前执行难题搭建桥梁。大多数文章都是以民事执行和解制度本身为焦点展开论述,讨论其效力者寥寥无几。于是,本文欲以民事执行和解效力为切口,旨在对民事执行和解制度进行更细致地探究。
[Abstract]:The settlement of civil enforcement takes place in the civil enforcement procedure, which means that the parties change the relationship between rights and obligations recognized by the effective legal documents on the basis of equal and voluntary consensus. Civil execution reconciliation is a kind of legal system, which can end after the confirmation of the people's court. Its effect is that when the system exerts its effect in the judicial procedure, it produces legal effect in the procedure, entity and so on. Different from the effectiveness of other conciliation or mediation systems, the effectiveness of enforcement conciliation is unique in subject, object, time of achievement and so on. Because the current legislation of our country has not made a clear definition of the effect of enforcement reconciliation, the application of judicial practice is not uniform, so the viewpoints in academic circles are debated endlessly. This paper holds that this effect is actually a practical civil contract with no enforcement power. The establishment of this view is based on the almost coincidence of the characteristics of the civil execution settlement agreement and the civil contract. The enforcement of the settlement agreement is binding on all the parties, but its effect does not include res judicata. Moreover, the civil enforcement settlement agreement does not have the enforcement force and cannot be the basis of enforcement without the confirmation of the court judicial procedure. In the aspect of procedural law, this paper supports the terminating execution theory. When an enforcement settlement agreement is reached, the enforcement effect is immediately generated. In other special circumstances, the effectiveness of the enforcement settlement will vary according to the circumstances. In the civil execution procedure, civil enforcement reconciliation is beneficial to melt the contradiction between the parties, and also to build a bridge to deal with the current implementation problems. Most of the articles focus on the civil enforcement settlement system itself, the effectiveness of which is rarely discussed. Therefore, this paper intends to make a more detailed study of the civil enforcement settlement system through the effect of civil enforcement reconciliation.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.18

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