民事再审程序提升司法公信力的路径分析

发布时间：2018-10-30 13:10

【摘要】：目前,司法面临最严峻的挑战是公信力问题。究其原因,一是社会公众的诉讼权得不到充分的保障,对司法的过程缺乏全面认识;二是司法权地方化,即地方政府对司法权的控制和干预;三是法院判决既判力的不确定性等导致。人民法院依职权启动民事再审程序,违背了"诉审分离"原则,与司法中立性和被动性的现代司法理念相抵触;检察院抗诉启动再审程序,破坏了当事人平等对抗的格局;申请再审理由规定的不够科学等民事再审程序影响司法公信力。通过营造社会公众参与再审过程的公开、透明、独立的"司法空间";保障当事人的诉讼权利,由当事人主导再审的进程;增强裁判文书的说理性,维持裁判文书的既判力等路径可以提升再审程序的公信力,努力让民众在每一个司法案件中都感受到公平正义。
[Abstract]:At present, the most serious challenge facing the judiciary is the issue of credibility. The reasons are that the litigation right of the public is not fully guaranteed and the judicial process is not fully understood; the second is the localization of the judicial power, that is, the control and intervention of the local government to the judicial power; The third is the uncertainty of the res judicata. The people's court starts the civil retrial procedure according to its function, which violates the principle of "separation of appeal from trial" and conflicts with the modern judicial idea of judicial neutrality and passivity, and the procuratorate protests to initiate the retrial procedure, which destroys the pattern of equal confrontation between the parties; The civil retrial procedure, such as the unscientific procedure stipulated by the reasons for the application for retrial, affects the judicial credibility. By creating an open, transparent and independent "judicial space" for the public to participate in the retrial process, the litigants should lead the process of retrial. Enhancing the reasoning of the judicial documents and maintaining the res judicata of the adjudicative documents can enhance the credibility of the retrial procedure and make the public feel fair and just in every judicial case.
【作者单位】：常州工学院人文社科学院;
【分类号】：D925.1

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