论行政诉讼原告举证责任

发布时间：2018-12-14 22:34

【摘要】：证据制度是诉讼制度的核心,没有证据支持的诉讼都是无根之木,无源之水。在证据制度中,举证责任制度又居于核心地位,可以说所有的证据规则均是围绕着举证责任展开的。为了凸显举证责任在诉讼中的重要地位,有学者形象地将举证责任称为诉讼的脊柱。1989年我国《行政诉讼法》首次提出了“举证责任”这一概念。遗憾的是,只规定了行政诉讼中被告负举证责任,对原告负举证责任并没有规定。由于法律上对原告承担举证责任有关规定的缺失,导致在理论界和实务界对原告举证责任的承担并没有引起足够重视,这给行政司法实践的发展带来了困扰,在一定程度上阻碍了行政诉讼发展的步伐。为了满足司法实践发展的需要,1999年通过的《最高人民法院关于执行中华人民共和国行政诉讼法若干问题的解释》(下文简称,《若干解释》),第一次明确提出了“原告举证责任”的概念,并对原告承担举证责任有所规定。2002年通过的《最高人民法院关于行政诉讼证据若干问题的规定》(下文简称《证据规定》)进一步细化了原告举证责任的承担。此外,新《行政诉讼法》也对原告承担举证责任进行了规定。可见,原告在行政诉讼中承担举证责任是不容忽视的。为了更好地研究我国行政诉讼原告举证责任制度,是需要对原告承担举证责任的理论基础有所了解,认识到原告在行政诉讼中承担举证责任的必要性,促使原告在请求法院受理其诉讼阶段以及具体类型案件中承担应当承担的举证责任,以便更好地实现原告通过诉讼途径维护自己合法权益的目的。此外,也需要从思想上加强对原告举证责任的认识,立法上加强对原告举证责任的保障,在实践上加强对原告举证责任的宣传和指引。
[Abstract]:Evidence system is the core of litigation system. In the system of evidence, the system of burden of proof occupies the core position, it can be said that all the rules of evidence revolve around the burden of proof. In order to highlight the important position of burden of proof in litigation, some scholars vividly refer to the burden of proof as the backbone of litigation. In 1989, the concept of "burden of proof" was put forward for the first time in our country's Administrative Litigation Law. Unfortunately, the burden of proof for the defendant in administrative proceedings is not the burden of proof for the plaintiff. Due to the lack of legal provisions on the burden of proof for the plaintiff, the assumption of the burden of proof for the plaintiff has not attracted sufficient attention in the theoretical and practical circles, which has troubled the development of the administrative judicial practice. To some extent, it hinders the development of administrative litigation. In order to meet the needs of the development of judicial practice, the Supreme people's Court's interpretation on the implementation of the Administrative procedure Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "some interpretations") was adopted in 1999. For the first time, the concept of "burden of proof for the plaintiff" was explicitly put forward, The provisions of the Supreme people's Court on the evidence of Administrative Litigation passed in 2002 (hereinafter referred to as "the provisions of evidence") further refine the burden of proof for the plaintiff. In addition, the new Administrative procedure Law also provides for the plaintiff to bear the burden of proof. Visible, the plaintiff in the administrative proceedings bear the burden of proof is not to be ignored. In order to better study the system of burden of proof of plaintiff in administrative litigation in our country, it is necessary to understand the theoretical basis of the burden of proof for plaintiff, and realize the necessity for plaintiff to bear the burden of proof in administrative litigation. It urges the plaintiff to bear the burden of proof in requesting the court to accept its litigation stage and specific types of cases, so as to better realize the purpose of the plaintiff to safeguard his legitimate rights and interests through the way of litigation. In addition, we also need to strengthen the understanding of the burden of proof of the plaintiff, strengthen the protection of the burden of proof for the plaintiff in legislation, and strengthen the publicity and guidance on the burden of proof of the plaintiff in practice.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.3

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