论公益诉讼主体确定及其原告资格的协调——对《民事诉讼法》第55条的思考

发布时间：2018-12-24 09:02

【摘要】：我国《民事诉讼法》第55条对公益诉讼的有关规定并没用明确该法以外的其它专门法规定公益民事诉讼原告主体资格的具体规则、具体条件,以及按照专门法规定具有公益民事诉讼原告资格的机关与有关组织在个案中何者为适格原告主体等。职能相关性原则要求可以担当公益诉讼的国家机关和社会组织的职能与宗旨必须与公益诉讼标的具有联系性。有能力性原则要求具有公益诉讼原告资格的机关和组织在人力、财力、专业鉴别能力、诉讼举证能力等方面具有比较充分的基础和条件。对作为公益诉讼原告的组织的成立和开展符合其宗旨的活动年限要求是衡量组织的公益活动经验、公益活动信誉的具体体现。检察机关提起公益诉讼的身份以监督法律规定的有权提起公益诉讼的行政机关是否提起公益诉讼、是否合法正当地进行公益诉讼为合适。在公益诉讼个案中,应当按照损害公益行为影响区域或者后果影响区域分层次协调;在适用机关提起公益诉讼优先、组织提起公益诉讼居次原则前提下,确立具有提起公益诉讼资格的原告可以联合起诉、组成公共原告的原则。
[Abstract]:Article 55 of the Civil procedure Law of our country does not clearly specify the specific rules and conditions for the qualification of the plaintiff in the public interest civil action as stipulated in other special laws other than this law. And according to the special law which has the public interest civil action plaintiff qualification organ and the related organization in the case which is the suitable plaintiff subject and so on. The principle of functional relevance requires that the functions and purposes of state organs and social organizations that can act as public interest litigation must be related to the object of public interest litigation. The principle of competence requires that the organs and organizations that have the qualification of plaintiff in public interest litigation should have sufficient foundation and conditions in the aspects of manpower, financial resources, professional identification ability, litigation proof ability and so on. The establishment and development of the organization as a plaintiff in public interest litigation is the concrete embodiment of the organization's public welfare experience and reputation. It is appropriate for the procuratorial organ to initiate public interest litigation to supervise whether the administrative organ that has the right to file public interest litigation and whether it is lawful and proper to carry out public interest litigation. In the case of public interest litigation, it should be coordinated according to the influence area of the public welfare action or the influence area of the consequence; On the premise of the principle that the public interest litigation is preferred by the applicable organ and the public interest litigation is organized, the principle that the plaintiff with the qualification to file the public interest lawsuit can jointly sue and form the public plaintiff is established.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学凯原法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重大项目“维护司法公正和社会公平正义研究”(项目编号:10&zd043)的阶段性成果河北省人力资源与社会保障厅研究项目(项目编号:JRS-2014-7013)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D925.1

【相似文献】