证据概念的学科分析——法学、哲学、科学的视角

发布时间：2018-12-24 07:34

【摘要】：证据概念分析是理解和坚守"通过证据认定案件事实"理性思想的关键。它的难解之处表现在,从法律实用主义的角度只能解释证据的合法性及其运用规则,无法理解与把握证据的客观性与相关性问题,这是需要引入哲学、科学分析工具的主要原因。证据的公共性是对证据进行哲学思考的起点,证据的实在论与反实在论反映了在证据指称上的不同主张。可站在温和的实在论立场研究反实在论提出的证据法课题。科学在证据思想、证据方法和证据资料三个不同的层面发挥了积极作用,但同时也带来相应的问题。数学中的条件概率理论及贝叶斯公式对证据证明力提供了一种判断工具,它将证据资料的可信性判断转化为证据作用的可能性判断。这种判断方法具有重要意义,在科学证据问题上意义更为突出。证据概念分析本质是一法学问题,证据运用的法律环境对证据概念的理解具有重要意义。"命题说"只具有哲学存在的必要性,"实质证据观"容易走向独断。
[Abstract]:The analysis of evidence concept is the key to understand and adhere to the rational thought of "confirming the facts of a case through evidence". Its difficulty is that, from the perspective of legal pragmatism, it can only explain the legitimacy of evidence and its application rules, and cannot understand and grasp the objectivity and relevance of evidence, which requires the introduction of philosophy. The main causes of scientific analysis tools. The publicity of evidence is the starting point of philosophical thinking on evidence. Realism and anti-realism of evidence reflect different opinions on evidence reference. We can study the evidence law of anti-realism from a moderate realism standpoint. Science plays a positive role in three different levels of evidence thought, evidence method and evidence material, but it also brings about corresponding problems at the same time. The conditional probability theory and Bayesian formula in mathematics provide a judgment tool for the evidence proof force, which transforms the credibility judgment of the evidence data into the possibility judgment of the evidence function. This kind of judgment method has the important significance, in the scientific evidence question significance is more prominent. The essence of evidence concept analysis is a legal problem, and the legal environment in which evidence is used is of great significance to the understanding of evidence concept. "proposition theory" has only the necessity of philosophical existence, and "substantial evidence view" tends to be arbitrary.
【作者单位】：四川大学法学院;
【分类号】：D915.13

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