附条件不起诉帮教制度实施问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-29 12:06

【摘要】：帮教制度作为附条件不起诉制度的核心内容,其是否科学合理直接关乎附条件不起诉制度能否发挥出教育、感化、挽救被不起诉人的作用。帮教制度存在哪些问题,如何进行有针对性的完善,需要在实践观察的基础之上来探讨。本文主要运用分析、实证的方法,分析了某区检察院对轻罪未成年人进行帮教管理的情况,以期发现附条件不起诉帮教制度在实践中存在的不足之处,进而在此基础之上提出相应的完善建议。全文除引言和结语外,共分成四部分,约2.5万字:第一部分,附条件不起诉帮教的相关内容。其相关内容主要涉及帮教的概念、性质以及帮教的特征三个方面。首先,2013年新《刑事诉讼法》中确立了附条件不起诉制度,并规定了要在考验期内对被附条件不起诉人进行监督考察和帮教。附条件不起诉帮教是指检察机关对适用附条件不起诉的未成年人,在法定的考验期内,结合社会力量对其进行相应的监督教育。其实质是一种非犯罪化的处理措施,目的在于运用刑罚替代措施,在刑事诉讼程序之外帮助未成年犯祛除不良行为和犯罪心理,完成自我重塑。其次,在各国刑事政策正朝着“轻轻重重”方向发展的潮流下,附条件不起诉帮教制度体现了刑罚观念由报应刑向教育刑、目的刑转变的趋势。它具有法定性、公益性、非强制性、社会参与性的特征。第二部分,附条件不起诉帮教制度的实践运行情况。首先,文章以C市S区检察院的帮教管理情况为例,搜集了S区检察院2009年—2013年未成年人帮教管理情况的相关资料,并分析了选择S区检察院作为样本的合理性,即在于其帮教管理的适用阶段、适用对象、考察机关、适用条件等方面与附条件不起诉帮教中的规定存在高度契合。其次,对S区检察院帮教运行情况的考察,应包括对其帮教的适用规范、工作方式、适用对象、所用措施及如何进行帮教结果考核等方面的考察。最后,从帮教对象复归社会的具体情况来看,S区检察院的帮教管理机制确实起到了一定的效果,在降低羁押率、帮助帮教对象复学就业上起到了积极的作用。第三部分,附条件不起诉帮教制度运行中存在的主要问题。在实践观察的基础上,结合我国相关法律规定,附条件不起诉中的社会帮教制度主要存在着缺少统一的帮教管理规范、缺少专门的帮教管理机构、帮教人员专业性不强、帮教手段方式僵化、帮教结果考核标准不科学、帮教受到客观条件制约等六个方面的问题。这实质上反映了帮教制度尚未形成合理有效的运行机制。第四部分,附条件不起诉帮教制度实施的完善进路。结合前文的两部分,针对附条件不起诉帮教制度在实践中存在的问题,可以从两方面来进行完善:一方面,针对上部分指出的具体问题,可以从制定统一的帮教管理规范、设立专门的帮教机构、严格帮教人员的选任、创制多样化的帮教措施,建立合理的帮教考核体系以及完善帮教的配套措施等六方面来完善,其旨在构建科学合理的帮教运行机制。另一方面,任何一项制度的有效运行离不开其他制度的必要支撑。附条件不起诉帮教制度要与未成年人社会调查制度及犯罪记录封存制度形成良好化学反应,确保在检察机关做出附条件不起诉决定后,从帮教开始到帮教结束,帮教对象的合法权益都受到应有保护。
[Abstract]:As the core of the system of non-prosecution, the system of teaching and teaching is the core of the non-prosecution system, whether it is directly related to the condition that the non-prosecution system can play an important role in the education, the influence and the saving of the non-prosecution system. What are the problems in the teaching system, how to carry out the targeted improvement, needs to be discussed on the basis of the practice observation. This paper mainly uses the analysis and the positive method to analyze the situation of the public prosecutor's office in the management of the minor minor, with a view to finding out the shortcomings of the non-prosecution of the teaching system in practice, and then on the basis of this, put forward the corresponding suggestions. In addition to the introduction and the conclusion, the full text is divided into four parts, about 25,000 words: the first part, the conditional non-prosecution of the relevant content of the teaching. Its related contents mainly relate to the concept, nature and the characteristics of the teaching. First of all, the new Code of Criminal Procedure for 2013 establishes the system of conditional non-prosecution, and provides for the supervision and investigation of the non-prosecution of the non-prosecution in the test period. The conditional non-prosecution service refers to a minor who is not prosecuted by the procuratorial organ for the application of the conditions of attachment, and the corresponding supervision and education of the minor under the statutory test period in combination with the social forces. In essence, it is a kind of non-crime treatment measure, the purpose is to use the alternative measure of the penalty, to help the minor to remove the bad behavior and the crime psychology in addition to the criminal procedure, and complete the self-remodelling. Second, under the trend of the development of the national criminal policy in the 鈥渢o weigh heavily鈥，

本文编号：2394802