亲属拒证权的中国模式与反思

发布时间：2019-01-04 13:23

【摘要】：亲属拒证权在法治发达国家早已不是新鲜事物,在我国当下却无疑是一项新兴权利。"亲亲相隐"和亲属拒证权都是要实现对人伦亲情的优先保护,但二者在具体制度上存在重大差异。我国2012年修订后的刑事诉讼法规定的"出庭豁免"模式的亲属拒证权,不仅无法实现保护人伦亲情的立法目标,还会损害被告人的正当程序权利。采取"证言豁免"模式的亲属拒证权制度,赋予亲属证人拒绝陈述对被告人不利证言的权利,但仍应承担出庭义务是比较合理的选择。被害人亦应成为亲属拒证权的主体,但对亲属范围需予以合理界定。对侵害亲属拒证权的违法行为,需通过程序性制裁的方式予以相应救济。
[Abstract]:The right of refusal of proof by relatives is not new in the developed country of rule of law, but it is undoubtedly a new right in our country. " The concealment of relatives and the right of relatives to refuse to testify are to realize the priority protection of the kinship, but there are significant differences between them in the specific system. The right of relatives to refuse to testify in the mode of "immunity in court" provided by our revised Criminal procedure Law in 2012 will not only fail to achieve the legislative goal of protecting human relations, but will also damage the due process rights of the accused. The system of relatives' right to refuse testimony, which adopts the mode of "witness immunity", endows the relative witness with the right to refuse to state unfavorable testimony to the defendant, but it is a reasonable choice that the witness should still bear the duty to appear in court. The victim should also be the subject of relatives' right to refuse evidence, but the scope of relatives should be reasonably defined. The violation of the right of refusal of proof should be remedied by procedural sanctions.
【作者单位】：国家"2011计划"司法文明协同创新中心、吉林大学法学院;吉林大学司法数据应用研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“刑事简易程序实证研究”(15CFX031) 吉林省高校人文社会科学研究规划项目“吉林省环境犯罪治理的困境与出路”(吉教科文合字[2016]第641号)
【分类号】：D925.2

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