论我国刑事诉讼中的证人出庭制度

发布时间：2019-01-08 18:31

【摘要】：证人出庭难、出庭率低在我国刑事司法实践中是非常普遍的现象,而我国刑事诉讼中的证人出庭制度是否完善对这一现象有着非常大的影响。本文以刑事诉讼中证人出庭制度的重要意义作为出发点,进而梳理我国刑事诉讼中证人出庭制度的现状和问题,探究问题背后的原因,同时提出一些完善该项制度的建议。本文共分三个部分:第一部分强调了证人出庭制度在刑事诉讼中的重要意义。证人出庭在刑事诉讼中有助于法院查明案件事实,有利于保障被告人的质证权,为深入贯彻直接言词原则提供动力,更是对抗制庭审模式的直接体现。第二部分梳理了我国刑事诉讼中证人出庭制度的现状和存在的问题。《刑事诉讼法》第59条规定,证人证言必须经过庭审质证后才能用于证明案件事实;同时,第188条规定,公民在特定情况下有出庭作证的义务。证人出庭制度在我国刑事诉讼中的现状是,证人出庭率很低,对法院查明案件事实、对被告人准确定罪量刑造成了很大阻碍。刑事证人出庭制度存在一系列问题,主要有以下几点:第一,没有将直接言词原则明确为一项基本原则;第二,强制证人出庭的规定不完善;第三,证人保护的规定过于笼统;第四,证人经济补偿的规定不够细化。第三部分就我国刑事诉讼中证人出庭制度的完善提出了有针对性的建议。这四方面分别是:第一,明确直接言词原则,将这一原则作为我国《刑事诉讼法》的一项基本原则予以深入贯彻。第二,完善强制证人出庭的规定,使证人主动配合法院出庭作证,自觉履行义务。第三,细化证人保护的规定,使证人在出庭作证时没有后顾之忧,所作的证言不受外来因素的影响。第四,细化证人经济补偿的规定,倡导证人积极配合法院出庭如实作证,避免证人因出庭作证而受到经济上的损失。
[Abstract]:It is very common for witnesses to appear in court and the low rate of appearance is a very common phenomenon in criminal judicial practice in our country. Whether the system of witnesses appearing in court in criminal proceedings is perfect or not has a great influence on this phenomenon. This article takes the important significance of witness appearing in court system in criminal procedure as the starting point, and then combs the present situation and the question of the witness appearing in court system in our country, probes into the reason behind the problem, and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the system at the same time. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part emphasizes the importance of witness appearance in criminal proceedings. The appearance of witnesses in criminal proceedings helps the court to find out the facts of the case, to protect the defendant's right of cross-examination, to provide impetus for the implementation of the principle of direct speech, and to directly reflect the pattern of adversarial trial. The second part combs the present situation and the existing problems of the witness appearance system in the criminal procedure in our country. Article 59 of the Criminal procedure Law stipulates that the witness testimony must go through the trial cross-examination before it can be used to prove the facts of the case; At the same time, article 188 imposes a duty on citizens to testify in certain circumstances. The present situation of witness appearing in court in our country is that the rate of witness appearing in court is very low, which is a great hindrance to the court to find out the facts of the case and to accurately convict and sentence the defendant. There are a series of problems in the system of criminal witness appearing in court, mainly as follows: first, the principle of direct speech is not clearly defined as a basic principle; second, the stipulation of compulsory witness appearing in court is imperfect; third, the regulation of witness protection is too general; Fourth, the provisions of witness financial compensation are not detailed enough. In the third part, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the system of witness appearance in criminal procedure in our country. The four aspects are as follows: first, make clear the principle of direct words, and take this principle as a basic principle of our country's Criminal procedure Law. Second, perfect the stipulation of compulsory witness appearing in court, make the witness actively cooperate with the court to testify in court, consciously fulfill the obligation. Thirdly, the provisions of witness protection should be refined so that witnesses have no worries when they testify in court, and their testimonies are not influenced by external factors. Fourth, the stipulation of the financial compensation of witnesses should be refined, and the witnesses should actively cooperate with the court to give truthful testimony in court, and avoid the economic loss caused by the witnesses appearing in court.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.2

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