“滥诉”之辩:信息公开的制度异化及其矫正

发布时间：2019-03-01 07:39

【摘要】："滥诉"在行政法学界是一个鲜少被提出的概念,"陆红霞案"中法官对于"滥诉"规制的主要依据为民事诉讼法中的诚实信用原则。考察民诉中的"滥诉"理论,界定滥用诉权存在"四要件说"与"两要件说",前者对应侵权责任规制路径,后者则对应诚实信用原则。在承认公法诉权说的理论前提下,行政诉讼法作为民事诉讼法的特别法,两者具有参照适用的可能性。然而,本案法院在事实认定与法律适用时均存在处理失当之处,相较于滥用诉权,本案或许亦有滥用审判权之嫌。在权利与权力冲突背后,信息公开制度呈现出某种扭曲的"异化"状态,承受为信访分流压力的同时,囿于"特殊需要"条款的误读,正发生着与卷宗阅览竞合的趋势。构建公文管理规则以强化主动公开、设置依申请公开的专业引导机制、重新检讨主管机构设置可以达到制度矫正的效果。
[Abstract]:The concept of "indiscriminate action" is rarely put forward in administrative law field. In Lu Hongxia case, the principle of good faith in civil procedure law is the main basis of judge's regulation of "indiscriminate action". This paper examines the theory of "abuse of action" in civil litigation, and defines the existence of "four elements" and "two elements" in the abuse of litigation. The former corresponds to the regulation path of tort liability, and the latter corresponds to the principle of good faith. As a special law of civil procedure law, the administrative procedure law has the possibility of reference application under the theoretical premise of recognizing the public law right of action. However, the court of this case mishandled the facts and the application of the law. Compared with the abuse of the right of action, this case may also have the suspicion of abusing the jurisdiction. Behind the conflict between rights and powers, the information disclosure system presents a distorted state of "alienation". While it bears the pressure of diverting letters and visits, due to the misreading of the "special needs" clause, there is a tendency of competing with the reading of the file. Construction of official documents management rules to strengthen active openness, setting up a professional guidance mechanism to open according to the application, re-review the establishment of the competent authority can achieve the effect of system correction.
【作者单位】：浙江大学光华法学院;
【分类号】：D925.3

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