刑事案件非法证据排除规则的发展——《关于办理刑事案件严格排除非法证据若干问题的规定》新亮点

发布时间：2019-03-03 10:25

【摘要】：严格实行非法证据排除规则是党中央在全面依法治国、全面深化改革背景下作出的重大司法改革部署,是推进以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革的配套改革措施。办理刑事案件严格排除非法证据是维护宪法和法律尊严,保障公民合法权利,提高司法公信力,让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义的重要举措,其根本目的在于限制侦查权的恣意行使,禁止那些野蛮、残忍、不人道的非法取证方式和手段,从根本上遏制非法证据产生的诱因。为准确惩罚犯罪,切实保障人权,进一步规范司法行为,促进司法公正特别是程序公正,有效遏制刑讯逼供等非法取证行为,从源头上防范冤假错案的发生,最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部联合印发了《关于办理刑事案件严格排除非法证据若干问题的规定》,细化了非法取证方法的认定标准,明确了刑讯逼供后重复性供述一并排除规则及例外情形,对讯问录音录像、讯问笔录、讯问场所等作出规范,进一步落实了提讯登记和收押体检制度,建立了重大案件侦查终结前对讯问合法性进行核查的制度,强化了人民检察院在侦查、审查逮捕和审查起诉期间对证据收集合法性的调查核实,完善了庭前会议对证据收集合法性争议处理的机制、庭审阶段对证据收集合法性的审查与调查程序以及二审程序中对证据收集合法性的调查和处理程序。
[Abstract]:Strictly carrying out the rule of excluding illegal evidence is an important judicial reform plan made by the CPC Central Committee under the background of ruling the country in an all-round way and deepening the reform in an all-round way. It is also a supporting reform measure to promote the reform of the criminal procedure system centered on trial. The strict exclusion of illegal evidence in handling criminal cases is an important measure to safeguard the constitutional and legal dignity, to safeguard the legitimate rights of citizens, to improve the credibility of the judiciary, and to make the people feel fair and just in every judicial case. Its fundamental purpose is to limit the arbitrary exercise of the power of investigation, prohibit those barbaric, cruel, inhumane ways and means of illegal evidence collection, and fundamentally curb the inducement of the production of illegal evidence. In order to accurately punish crimes, effectively protect human rights, further standardize judicial conduct, promote judicial justice, especially procedural justice, effectively curb illegal evidence-taking acts such as extorting confessions by torture, and prevent the occurrence of unjust and false cases from the source, the Supreme people's Court, The Supreme people's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of National Security and the Ministry of Justice jointly issued the regulations on strict exclusion of illegal evidence in handling Criminal cases, which refined the criteria for determining the methods of illegal evidence collection. The rules and exceptions of repeated confessions after extortion of confessions by torture are clearly defined, the audio and video recordings of interrogations, the transcripts of interrogations, the places of interrogation, and so on are regulated, and the system of interrogation registration and medical examination in custody has been further implemented. We have established a system for verifying the legality of interrogation before the end of the investigation of major cases, and strengthened the investigation and verification of the legality of evidence collection by the people's Procuratorate during the period of investigation, examination, arrest, and prosecution, It also improves the handling mechanism of the dispute over the legality of evidence collection in the pre-trial meeting, the examination and investigation procedure of the legality of the evidence collection in the trial stage and the investigation and processing procedure of the legality of the evidence collection in the second instance procedure.
【作者单位】：最高人民检察院;
【分类号】：D925.2

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