论民事诉讼法中私录视听资料的证据合法性

发布时间：2019-06-14 13:25

【摘要】：随着现代化科学技术的高速发展,视听资料作为不可或缺的重要证据角色出现在民事审判当中,而对于私录视听资料的证据合法性问题却一直被理论界与实务界所广泛热议。对此,世界各国采取不同的措施。有的国家通过修改原来的相关法律对视听资料的证据采纳规则进行调整,有的国家则通过制定新的采纳规范来调整相应的判断规则。根据世界各国的立法现状来看,对视听资料持承认的观点是大多数国家普遍的做法。而我国的《民事诉讼法》则将视听资料作为一种独立的证据类型,这种做法与世界各国的做法相比可谓是独具一格。同时随着科技的不断发展,在实务中录音、录像资料的应用与制作也越来越普及,私录视听资料在民事诉讼领域的出现也逐渐普遍,将视听资料作为证据提交法庭成为如今当事人的一种选择趋势。而就目前所查阅的与私录视听资料有关的相关法律所规定,三个最高法的司法解释对于如何审查私录视听资料的证据合法性提出了不同层次不同方面的标准,同时也呈现了不同程度上制度的缺陷和评判标准的不一致。然而随着科技的快速发展,私录视听资料在民事诉讼领域的应用越来越广泛,现行的立法规定显然无法适应司法实务领域中对于私录视听资料的证据合法性判断面临的困境,因此我们亟需完善相关立法规定,明确私录视听资料的证据合法性,并对于私录视听资料的证据能力规则进行界定,从而实现法律的正义和法的规范。本文就是从我国民事诉讼领域私录视听资料的不同的理论制度基础的缺陷以及司法实践中面临的审查困境为切入点,以某地法院的真实案例为基点对私录视听资料进行科学的分类,有的放矢。在借鉴、吸收国外一些国家和地区的经验的基础上,对我国民事诉讼领域私录视听资料的制度的发展变化进行探讨,对其规定由“窄”至“宽”的制度选择背后的价值取向分析,并针对宽泛解释带来的空间弊端进行探究,以期对私录视听资料的相关理论制度基础进行完善,并以真实案例为依托有针对性地提出相关切实可行的制度完善建议,对原则性的规定具体化并且对于一些特别规定具体分析分类,从而实现对于司法实践中的统一性与规范性。笔者希望经过上述的探讨与分析,使得民事诉讼领域中对于私录视听资料的证据合法性的审判标准得以规范化,为我国民事诉讼制度的理论完善与法律的进步贡献微薄的力量。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern science and technology, audio-visual materials, as an indispensable and important role of evidence, appear in the civil trial, but the legality of the evidence of privately recorded audio-visual materials has been widely discussed in the theoretical and practical circles. In this regard, different countries in the world have taken different measures. Some countries adjust the rules of evidence admission of audio-visual materials by amending the original relevant laws, while others adjust the corresponding rules of judgment by formulating new rules of adoption. According to the current legislative situation in the world, the recognition of audio-visual materials is a common practice in most countries. However, the Civil procedure Law of our country regards audio-visual materials as an independent type of evidence, which is unique compared with the practices of all countries in the world. At the same time, with the continuous development of science and technology, the application and production of audio and video materials are becoming more and more popular in practice, and the emergence of private audio-visual materials in the field of civil litigation is becoming more and more common. It has become a trend of choice for the parties to submit audio-visual materials as evidence to the court. According to the relevant laws related to the private recording of audio-visual materials, the judicial interpretation of the three supreme laws puts forward different levels and different standards for how to examine the legality of the evidence of privately recorded audio-visual materials, and at the same time presents the defects of the system and the inconsistency of the evaluation criteria in different degrees. However, with the rapid development of science and technology, the application of privately recorded audio-visual materials in the field of civil litigation is becoming more and more extensive. The current legislative provisions obviously can not adapt to the difficulties faced by the judgment of the legality of privately recorded audio-visual materials in the field of judicial practice. Therefore, we urgently need to improve the relevant legislative provisions, clarify the legality of evidence for privately recorded audio-visual materials, and define the rules of evidentiary ability of privately recorded audio-visual materials. In order to realize the justice of law and the norms of law. This paper is based on the defects of different theoretical and institutional bases of privately recorded audio-visual materials in the field of civil litigation in our country and the examination predicament faced in judicial practice, and makes a scientific classification of privately recorded audio-visual materials on the basis of the real cases of a certain court. On the basis of drawing lessons from and absorbing the experience of some foreign countries and regions, this paper probes into the development and changes of the system of recording audio-visual materials privately in the field of civil litigation in our country, analyzes the value orientation behind the choice of the system from "narrow" to "wide", and probes into the spatial malpractice caused by the broad interpretation, in order to perfect the relevant theoretical and institutional basis of the private recording of audio-visual materials. Based on the real cases, this paper puts forward some feasible suggestions for perfecting the system, concrete the provisions of principle and analyzing and classifying some special provisions, so as to realize the unity and standardization in judicial practice. The author hopes that through the above discussion and analysis, the trial standard of the legality of the evidence for the private recording of audio-visual materials in the field of civil litigation can be standardized, and contribute a meagre force to the theoretical improvement of the civil litigation system and the progress of the law in our country.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D925.13

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