民事执行强制管理制度研究

发布时间：2019-06-14 12:10

【摘要】：本文探讨民事执行强制管理制度,即以债务人财产的收益满足执行债权。导论确定研究对象、评介既有研究、说明研究方法。该部分从司法实践出发,梳理我国立法的简史,确立亟待解决的主要问题。理论研究应回馈实践需求,实现理论与实践的良好互动。第一章探究民事执行强制管理制度基础理论。提炼民事执行强制管理的内涵,即在民事执行程序中,根据债权人申请或执行法院依职权,由执行法院选任管理人,管理债务人已查封、扣押或冻结的不动产、特定动产和无形财产,以其收益实现债权人金钱债权的执行措施。民事执行强制管理有其存在的法理依据,其可以追溯至罗马法时代,稍后日臻完善。我国在清末变法引入,建国后在司法解释中确立。民事执行强制管理的基本原则包括执行机关有限主导原则、无益管理禁止原则、债务人生存权保护原则、程序保障原则。第二章建构民事执行强制管理的程序规则。我国从根本上缺乏民事执行强制管理的程序规范。适用民事执行强制管理须满足一定的条件,我国民事执行强制管理的形态应三足并立。民事执行强制管理程序依据债权人申请或执行法院依职权启动,程序启动文书的形式应是裁定,开始裁定具有禁止处理目标财产和禁止处理收益的效力。在程序运行过程中,双重强制管理有存在必要,执行竞合原则上采用先着手主义,明确程序中止和终结。第三章阐述民事执行强制管理的管理人制度,这是强制管理实施中的一个关键环节。管理人制度是民事执行强制管理的核心,体现出民事执行的“社会参与”趋势。各地法院在执行实践中探索出强制管理的地方经验,富有“实践智慧”却不尽健全。考察域外国家和我国台湾地区的立法模式与实践效果,能够为我们提供有益的启示。我国管理人制度应在管理人的选任、职权、报酬与管理费、义务、责任、辞职等方面作出变革。第四章剖析民事执行强制管理收益的分配。作为强制管理实施中的另外一个关键环节,民事执行强制管理收益的分配包括管理人主持的分配程序和法院主持的分配程序。因强制管理造成债务人显著困窘的,应当对债务人及其共同居住的家属分配必须的收益作为生活费用。第五章考察民事执行强制管理的救济与监督。民事执行强制管理过程中,执行当事人和案外人的合法权益不容侵犯。案外第三人合法权益受损的应赋予第三人救济的程序权利,根据侵害情形对债权人或管理人提起诉讼。强制管理的监督分为法院内部的监督与法院外部的监督,法院内部主要是指法院对管理人的监督,法院外部的监督主要指向检察机关和律师的监督。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the civil enforcement compulsory management system, that is, the proceeds of the debtor's property satisfy the execution of the creditor's rights. The introduction of the research object, the evaluation of the existing research, the study method. This part, starting from the judicial practice, combing the brief history of our country's legislation and establishing the main problem to be solved urgently. The theoretical research should give back the practice demand and realize the good interaction between theory and practice. The first chapter is to explore the basic theory of the civil enforcement compulsory management system. "to refine the connotation of the compulsory management of the civil execution, that is, in the civil procedure, the administrator shall be elected by the enforcement court in accordance with the application of the creditor or the execution of the court, and the administrative debtor has sealed up, seized or frozen the real property, the specific movable property and the intangible property, The implementation of creditor's creditor's rights is realized with its income. The compulsory management of civil execution has its legal basis, which can be traced back to the Roman law era, and it will be perfected later. China is introduced in the late Qing Dynasty and established in the judicial interpretation after the founding of the People's Republic of China. The basic principles of the compulsory management of the civil execution include the principle of the limited lead of the executive authority, the unhelpful management prohibition principle, the protection principle of the debtor's right to existence and the principle of the procedure guarantee. The second chapter is to construct the procedure rules for the compulsory management of civil execution. In our country, there is a fundamental lack of the procedure specification for the compulsory management of civil execution. The application of the compulsory management of civil execution must meet certain conditions, and the form of the compulsory management of the civil execution of our country should be three feet and stand. The civil execution compulsory management procedure shall be based on the application of the creditor or the execution of the court's functions and powers. The form of the procedure start-up instrument shall be the ruling, and the determination shall be made to have the effect of prohibiting the processing of the target property and the prohibition of the processing of the proceeds. In the course of program running, it is necessary to implement the dual-force management. In principle, the implementation of the competing principle adopts the first-hand start-up, and the procedure is aborted and terminated. The third chapter expounds the management system of the compulsory management of the civil execution, which is a key link in the implementation of the compulsory management. The system of management is the core of the compulsory management of the civil implementation, which reflects the "social participation" trend of the civil implementation. The local courts have explored the local experience of compulsory management in the implementation of the practice, and the rich "practical wisdom" is not perfect. It is helpful for us to study the legislative and practical effects of the extraterritorial countries and the Taiwan area of our country. The system of China's management should be reformed in the aspects of selection, authority, remuneration and management fee, obligation, responsibility, resignation, etc. of the administrator. The fourth chapter analyzes the distribution of the forced management income of civil execution. As another key link in the implementation of the compulsory management, the distribution of the forced management income of the civil implementation includes the allocation procedure under the auspices of the administrator and the allocation procedure under the auspices of the court. Where the debtor is significantly sleepy as a result of the forced management, the necessary proceeds shall be allocated to the debtor and to the family of the co-resident of the debtor as the cost of living. The fifth chapter is to investigate the relief and supervision of the compulsory management of civil execution. In the process of the compulsory management of civil execution, the lawful rights and interests of the parties and the outside party are not infringed. The third party's rights and interests of the third party shall be given the right to the third party's relief, and the creditor or the administrator shall be brought to the action according to the violation. The supervision of the compulsory management is divided into the supervision of the inside of the court and the supervision of the outside of the court. The inside of the court mainly refers to the supervision of the court to the administrator, and the supervision of the outside of the court is mainly directed to the supervision of the procuratorial organs and the lawyers.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D925.1

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