事实认定模式与我国刑事防错机制的完善

发布时间：2019-06-18 09:42

【摘要】：刑事错案严重损害了司法公正和司法权威。如何防范事实认定错误已经成为学术界和实务界重点关注的问题。协同型事实认定模式和竞争型事实认定模式是两种基本的事实认定模式。协同型事实认定模式,是以一个"犯罪故事"为主线,检察院的"控诉故事"和法院的"裁判故事"都是对侦查版"犯罪故事"的确认和完善。竞争型事实认定模式,是指在事实认定模式中,存在多个故事版本的比较、选择和竞争,并以此推动事实认定进程。我国刑事诉讼程序虽然具有对抗色彩,但事实认定模式仍属于协同型。为了完善我国的刑事防错机制,有必要改良事实认定模式,允许证据解释和推论存在多样性,鼓励多个故事版本之间的比较和竞争,重视最佳解释和似真推理,落实被告人的对质权,强化辩护方审前获取案件信息和证据的能力,谨慎对待"排除合理怀疑"的证明标准。
[Abstract]:The case of the criminal case seriously undermines the judicial justice and the judicial authority. How to guard against the fact that the mistake has become the focus of the academic and practical circles. The cooperative-type fact-finding model and the competition-type fact-finding mode are two basic fact-finding modes. The cooperative-type fact-finding mode is the main line of a "crime story", and the "the story of a complaint" of the public prosecutor's office and the "the referee's story" of the court are both the confirmation and the improvement of the "crime story" of the investigation plate. The competition-type fact-finding model refers to the comparison, selection and competition of multiple story versions in the fact-finding mode and the fact-finding process. Although the criminal procedure of our country has a counter-color, the fact-finding model is still of a cooperative type. In order to perfect the criminal error-proofing mechanism of our country, it is necessary to improve the fact-finding model, to allow the evidence to explain and infer the existence of the diversity, to encourage the comparison and the competition among the multiple story versions, to pay attention to the best explanation and the plausible reasoning, to implement the right of the accused, To strengthen the ability of the defence to obtain the information and evidence of the case before the trial, and to take care of the proof standard of the "to exclude reasonable doubt".
【作者单位】：北方工业大学文法学院;
【基金】：国家2011计划司法文明协同创新中心研究项目成果
【分类号】：D925.2

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