论债务人执行异议之诉的确立

发布时间：2019-06-24 15:01

【摘要】：民事执行救济制度通说可被细分为实体性执行救济制度和程序性执行救济制度,债务人执行异议之诉乃是实体性执行救济制度中的重点,而实体性救济制度又是民事执行救济制度不可或缺的部分,由此可见债务人执行异议之诉对于民事执行救济制度而言是非常重要的一个组成环节。民事诉讼法经过2007年和2012年的两次修改后,执行异议之诉制度在我国立法上得到确立并日趋完善,但是其从属程序的不完善,例如债务人执行异议之诉的缺失,使的我国执行异议之诉制度略显残缺,实在是一大憾事。债务人执行异议之诉平等对待执行程序中的债权人和债务人,可以实现“法律面前人人平等”这一原则,也可通过给予债务人针对执行名义所依据的权利的诉权来保护债务人的实体权益。债务人执行异议之诉的确立也有利于进一步缓解我国当前司法实践中“执行难”和“执行乱”等与执行相关的顽固问题,为债务人在执行中的合理诉求提供正规的解决渠道,公平的保护债权人与债务人的合法权益,有利于平衡当事人的权益,维护社会的长治久安。本文主要由四部分组成。第一部分是关于债务人执行异议之诉这项制度的概述,概述各国关于此诉概念的描述,总结债务人执行异议之诉的特征。并将与之相近的执行异议、案外人执行异议之诉等概念进行区分。第二部分是通过我国目前的执行救济立法现状,来分析我国现行执行救济体系的缺陷。探究我国债务人执行异议之诉缺失的原因。并对确立债务人执行异议之诉的理论和实践意义进行详细阐述。第三部分主要研究债务人执行异议之诉的性质和程序定位。通过对学界关于此诉性质的主流学说的剖析,进而对我国的债务人执行异议之诉的性质和程序进行定位。第四部分主要是对债务人执行异议之诉的程序构造进行设想。参照国外的立法和实务经验,在我国实务的基础之上,构建适合我国国情的债务人执行异议之诉程序。
[Abstract]:The civil execution relief system can be divided into the entity execution relief system and the procedural execution relief system, the action of the debtor to implement the objection is the key in the entity execution relief system, and the entity relief system is an integral part of the civil implementation relief system, It can be seen that the action of the debtor's execution objection is a very important component in the civil implementation of the relief system. After the two amendments of the Civil Procedure Law in 2007 and 2012, the system of the complaint of the implementation of the objection has been established and perfected in our country's legislation, but the imperfect of its subordinate procedure, such as the loss of the debtor's complaint of the execution of the objection, makes the system of the case of the objection to the execution of the objection to be slightly incomplete. It's a big deal. In the case of the debtor's equal treatment of the creditor and the debtor in the executive proceedings, the principle of "Everyone is equal before the law" can be realized, and the debtor's entity's rights and interests can be protected by giving the debtor the right to enforce the right. The establishment of the challenge of the debtor's execution also helps to further alleviate the stubborn problems related to the implementation of the "Difficult to execute" and the "to carry out a mess" in the current judicial practice in China, provide a formal settlement channel for the debtor's reasonable demands in the implementation, and to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the creditor and the debtor, It is beneficial to balance the interests of the parties and maintain the long-term stability of the society. This paper is mainly composed of four parts. The first part is an overview of the system of the debtor's objection to the implementation of the objection, and provides an overview of the description of the concept of the claim and the characteristics of the debtor's action to implement the objection. And the concept of the execution objection, the case of an outsider to execute the objection, and the like is distinguished. The second part is to analyze the defects of the existing relief system in our country through the present situation of the current implementation of the relief legislation in our country. To explore the reason why the debtor of our country is missing the challenge. In this paper, the theory and practical significance of the lawsuit of the debtor's enforcement of the objection are set forth in detail. The third part mainly studies the nature and procedure of the action of the debtor. Through the analysis of the mainstream theory of the nature of the lawsuit in the academic circle, the author further analyzes the nature and procedure of the challenge of the debtor in our country. The fourth part is the idea of the procedure structure of the lawsuit against the debtor. With reference to the foreign legislative and practical experience, on the basis of our country's practice, it is necessary to construct the lawsuit procedure of the debtor that is suitable for the situation of our country.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D925.1

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