基本权利依据的选择范围与标准

发布时间：2018-03-04 20:11

本文选题：基本权利　切入点：不成文宪法　出处：《浙江社会科学》2014年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：对普通诉求轻言基本权利、对新型权利轻言修宪等基本权利话语泛化现象的克服之道,在于明确和证立基本权利主张的宪法依据。为此,首先需明确选择范围,基本权利规范依据不限于现行宪法文本而存在于多元渊源的实定宪法秩序中。其中,不成文宪法规范的证立仍需要辅以宪法文本中的规范依据而不宜单独、直接地予以援引。其次需确定对应的规范依据,这基于基本权利的保障范围来确定。依此若产生多项规范依据而形成基本权利竞合现象时,对于非真正的基本权利竞合情形,不同于当事人基于审查密度判断的选择动机,审查者应遵循特别关系优先于一般关系、主要关系优先于次要关系等标准;而对于属于真正的基本权利竞合情形,则多项规范依据可单选或多选,不必然产生规范依据选择问题。在确立基本权利形式依据的基础上,构建融贯的基本权利价值体系,才能维持基本权利规范的日常发展。
[Abstract]:The way to overcome the phenomenon of generalization of basic rights such as ordinary claims and constitutional amendments is to make clear and prove the constitutional basis of basic rights. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to make clear the scope of choice. The normative basis of fundamental rights is not limited to the current constitutional texts but exists in the actual constitutional order of multiple sources. Among them, the establishment of unwritten constitutional norms still needs to be supplemented by the normative basis of the constitutional texts and should not be independent. Directly invoked. Secondly, it is necessary to determine the corresponding normative basis, which is determined on the basis of the scope of protection of fundamental rights. Different from the choice motive of the party based on the judgement of the review density, the examiner should follow the criterion that special relation takes precedence over general relation, main relation takes precedence over secondary relation, and for the case of genuine basic right concurrence, the examiner should follow the criterion that special relation takes precedence over general relation. Then the multiple normative basis can be singled out or multi-selected, which does not necessarily lead to the standard basis selection problem. On the basis of establishing the basic right form basis, the basic right value system can be constructed to maintain the daily development of the basic right norm.
【作者单位】：浙江大学光华法学院;
【基金】：2011年度中国法学会部级法学研究课题:“法学研究方法创新研究——宪法学方法论的特殊性视角的研究”,项目编号:CLS(2011)C07
【分类号】：D921

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