观念市场新探

发布时间：2018-11-11 08:07

【摘要】：文章通过回顾既往对观念市场的研究成果,重构了观念市场的要素和模型,探讨了媒体变革对观念市场形态和要素的冲击和影响,最终从社会演进角度阐述新兴媒体对政治文明进步的重要推动作用。文章主要回顾了近现代西方自由主义思想家约翰·弥尔顿、约翰·斯图亚特·密尔、美国最高法院大法官奥利弗·温戴尔·霍姆斯、法理学家理查德·A·波斯纳在有关“观念市场”隐喻上的表述,总结出传统理论在面对“新媒体时代”上的两点不足：混淆了商品市场和观念市场的模型；没有重视“受众群体”在观念市场中的作用。围绕传统理论的不足,作者从一般的观察入手,以“人、观念、媒介”三类要素构建了观念市场的简单模型,并结合上述三要素的交互作用分析了“传统媒体时代”中观念市场的两种失灵状况：自由竞争下的负外部性和为“精英统治”而对观念市场进行的不当干预和垄断。在对市场负外部性的分析中,作者对“诲淫类观念对青少年受众的消极影响”以及“商业性误导观念对年长者群体的欺诈风险”两种失灵状况进行了描述,在分析应对措施的同时,作者指出对特定观念市场进行合理干预的前提应是：仅当特定受众群体缺乏理性基础和判别能力时。在分析对观念市场的行政干预和垄断时,作者通过对比传统媒体和新兴媒体在传播政治性观念领域的作用,描述了传统媒体时代的精英统治方法——对观念市场的压制和垄断,以及媒体革命后新媒体带给统治精英们的挑战。文章进一步分析了媒体变革对观念市场要素的冲击和影响,包括科技创新对媒介新特质的推动作用,以及新媒介对宪法性权利——表达自由的保障作用,对“群体理性”的塑造作用和其展现出的强大力量。在总结全文的基础上,本文在结论部分从宏观角度探讨了科技文明推动下的媒介变革对政治体制改革的推进作用,阐述了政治体制改革对构建和谐社会的重大意义。
[Abstract]:By reviewing the previous research results on the concept market, this paper reconstructs the elements and models of the concept market, and probes into the impact and influence of the media transformation on the concept market form and elements. Finally, from the perspective of social evolution, this paper expounds the important role of emerging media in promoting the progress of political civilization. The article mainly reviews the modern western liberalism thinkers John Milton, John Stuart Mill, the United States Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Richard A. Posner, a jurist, summed up two shortcomings of the traditional theory in the face of the "new media era": the confusion between the commodity market and the conceptual market; Do not attach importance to the role of "audience groups" in the concept market. Focusing on the deficiency of the traditional theory, the author starts with the general observation and constructs a simple model of the concept market with three kinds of elements: "person, idea, medium". Combined with the interaction of the above three elements, this paper analyzes the two malfunctions of the concept market in the "traditional media age": the negative externality under the free competition and the improper intervention and monopoly on the concept market for the "elite rule". In the analysis of the negative externality of the market, the author describes two kinds of failure states: "the negative influence of the concept of obscenity on the audience of teenagers" and "the risk of fraud in the elderly group by the concept of commercial misleading". At the same time, the author points out that the premise of reasonable intervention in the market of specific concepts should be: only when the specific audience lacks the rational basis and the ability to distinguish. When analyzing the administrative intervention and monopoly on the concept market, the author compares the role of the traditional media and the emerging media in the field of dissemination of political ideas, and describes the elite ruling method in the traditional media era, which is the suppression and monopoly of the concept market. And the new media after the media revolution to the ruling elite challenges. The article further analyzes the impact and influence of the media reform on the elements of the concept market, including the role of scientific and technological innovation in promoting the new characteristics of the media, and the role of the new media in safeguarding the constitutional right-freedom of expression. The role of shaping group rationality and the powerful force it shows. On the basis of summing up the full text, in the conclusion part, this paper probes into the role of media reform in promoting the reform of political system under the impetus of science and technology civilization from the macroscopic angle, and expounds the great significance of the reform of political system to the construction of harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G206;D911

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