高校学术自由权的宪法保障研究

发布时间：2019-02-11 12:25

【摘要】：学术自由最早产生于大学,自高校成立以来,学术自由权就使得保障高校的学术创新成为可能的重要条件和坚实保证。“创新”是国家发展和壮大的灵魂,同样“学术创新”也应当是学术界发展和壮大的灵魂。学术研究和创新是形成新认知和新知识的一种重要手段,为了使得知识的准确性和正确性得以保证,高校学术自由权行使主体的学术活动应当在相对自由的环境中进行,只服从真理的标准,而不应当受到除宪法和法律之外力量的干预。我国现有的关于学术自由权的研究多集中在高等教育、哲学、社会学等领域内,很少受到法学学者的关注;在研究主体上,只是从整体的角度,对学术研究者的学术自由权予以研究。因此,本文在借鉴现有研究成果的基础上,试从宪法的角度对高校学术自由权的保障进行研究。本文正文分为四部分,第一部分为第一章,在这一章中重点阐述了高校学术自由权的概念、高校学术自由权的内涵以及高校学术自由权的宪法属性。这一部分主要介绍了高校学术自由权的主体以及高校学术自由权的内容,对高校学术自由权的宪法属性予以了分析,是作为保障高校学术自由权的理论和现实依据。正文的第二部分为第二章,这一章主要对域外部分国家的学术自由权(高校学术自由权)宪法保障予以了阐述和比较。以此来介绍域外以何种宪法保障方式对学术自由权(高校学术自由权)予以保障,为我国高校学术自由权的宪法保障提供借鉴。本文的第三部分为第三章,这一部分主要介绍我国高校学术自由权宪法保障不足问题。在我国,对高校学术自由权的宪法保障不足主要体现在:一是我国宪法法律没有对高校学术自由权利主体具体享有哪些学术自由权做出明确的规定,二是高校学术自由权的宪法救济制度不完善。本文的最后一部分为第四章,这一章对高校学术自由权的宪法保障提出两方面的建议。在立法上,主要有两方面:第一,完善宪法中关于高校学术自由权的规定;第二,完善相关普通法的相关条款。在宪法救济方面,建立高校学术自由权宪法救济制度。
[Abstract]:Academic freedom originated from universities. Since the establishment of colleges and universities, academic freedom has made it possible to guarantee academic innovation in colleges and universities. Innovation is the soul of national development and expansion, and academic innovation should also be the soul of academic development and expansion. Academic research and innovation is an important means to form new cognition and new knowledge. In order to ensure the accuracy and correctness of knowledge, the academic activities of the subjects exercising the right to academic freedom in colleges and universities should be carried out in a relatively free environment. Obey only the standards of truth and not be interfered by forces other than the constitution and the law. The current research on the right of academic freedom in China is mainly concentrated in the fields of higher education, philosophy, sociology and so on. In the subject of study, the academic freedom of academic researchers is studied only from the whole point of view. Therefore, based on the existing research results, this paper tries to study the protection of academic freedom from the perspective of the Constitution. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the first chapter. In this chapter, it focuses on the concept of academic freedom in colleges and universities, the connotation of academic freedom in colleges and universities and the constitutional attributes of academic freedom in colleges and universities. This part mainly introduces the subject of academic freedom in colleges and universities and the content of academic freedom in colleges and universities, and analyzes the constitutional attributes of academic freedom in colleges and universities, which is the theoretical and practical basis for safeguarding academic freedom in colleges and universities. The second part of the text is the second chapter, which mainly expounds and compares the constitutional protection of academic freedom (academic freedom in colleges and universities) in some foreign countries. In this way, the author introduces the constitutional protection of academic freedom (academic freedom in colleges and universities), and provides reference for the constitutional protection of academic freedom in colleges and universities in China. The third part of this paper is the third chapter, which mainly introduces the lack of constitutional protection of academic freedom in colleges and universities. In our country, the constitutional guarantee of academic freedom in colleges and universities is mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, the constitutional law of our country does not make clear provisions on which academic freedom rights are enjoyed by the subjects of academic freedom rights in colleges and universities. Second, the constitutional remedy system of academic freedom in colleges and universities is not perfect. The last part of this paper is the fourth chapter, which puts forward two suggestions on the constitutional guarantee of academic freedom in colleges and universities. In legislation, there are two main aspects: first, to improve the provisions of the Constitution on the right to academic freedom; second, to improve the relevant common law provisions. In the aspect of constitutional relief, we should establish the constitutional relief system of academic freedom in colleges and universities.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D921

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