比较法视野下的未成年人刑事责任问题

发布时间：2018-01-12 10:42

本文关键词：比较法视野下的未成年人刑事责任问题　出处：《青少年犯罪问题》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：未成年人承担刑事责任的基本前提是要确定"刑法中的未成年人",虽然刑法领域的"未成年人"在不同的历史时期和不同国家刑法的规定中不同,但均依赖于刑事责任年龄制度得以确立。刑事责任年龄制度基本上确定了什么范围的未成年人承担刑事责任、什么范围的人适用未成年人刑事司法特殊制度。从宽的基本原则贯穿于未成年人刑事责任担当的全部领域,该原则既是未成年人特殊性在刑事法领域确认的基本标志,也是未成年人刑事司法制度区别于普通司法制度的基本前提。未成年人承担刑事责任的基本立场是侧重于保护还是侧重于惩罚,直接决定了未成年人的前科消灭制度、累犯制度、刑罚制度等相关制度的建构。在有所未成年人司法体制改革潮流中,降低刑事责任年龄起点与提高未成年人完全刑事责任年龄上限并存,预示着惩罚和保护双向强化的趋势。单向强化未成年人司法保护立场并不彻底的基本态势,为我国未成年人司法体制改革直接与世界潮流对接提供空间和机会。应当立足于我国在刑事领域全面推行宽严相济刑事政策的大背景,再审视未成年人的司法保护,直接构建我国特色的未成年人刑事司法制度。
[Abstract]:The basic premise of juvenile criminal responsibility is to determine the "criminal law of minors", although the field of criminal law "minor" in different provisions of different historical periods and different countries of the criminal law, but are dependent on the age of criminal responsibility system has been established. The system of age of criminal responsibility basically determines the scope of what is not adults take criminal responsibility, for what the scope of the juvenile criminal justice system. The basic principle of special leniency throughout all areas of the criminal responsibility of minors, the principle is the basic symbol of minors particularity in the field of criminal law is confirmed, the juvenile criminal justice system is different from ordinary basic premise of the judicial system. The basic position of juvenile criminal responsibility is focused on the protection or focus on punishment, directly determines the minor criminal record elimination system, Recidivist system, construction of related system of penalty system. In has the trend of reform and juvenile justice system, reducing the starting point of the age of criminal responsibility of minors and improve the complete criminal responsibility age limit coexist, indicates that the trend of punishment and protection of two-way reinforcement. One way to strengthen judicial protection of the minors position is not basic situation thoroughly, not for our country juvenile judicial system reform and the trend of the world to provide direct docking space and opportunity. It should be based on our country in the criminal field to fully implement the leniency of criminal policy background, and then examine the judicial protection of minors, minors criminal judicial system of direct construction in our country.

【作者单位】：上海政法学院刑事司法学院;上海政法学院检察制度比较研究中心;上海政法学院;
【分类号】：C913.5;D924
【正文快照】： 在司法体制改革的大背景下,未成年人司法体制的完善一直是社会关注的焦点,n 罪未成年人的司法保护正处于不断强化中。但未成年人实施的残暴行为也引发社会热议,如2013年11月25日在重庆市长寿区发生的10岁女孩在电梯内残忍虐待1岁婴儿至其重伤的事件;2015年10月18日湖南邵东三

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