法益保护与比例原则

发布时间：2018-01-17 21:22

本文关键词：法益保护与比例原则　出处：《中国社会科学》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：法益保护原则一直是刑事立法的基本指导原理。近年来,有学者主张以比例原则替代法益保护原则。但是,比例原则并无超越法益保护原则的内容;而且,比例原则缺乏目的正当性的审查,其标准也不明确;近年来刑事立法中出现的法益概念的抽象化、处罚的早期化以及重罚化现象,并不意味着法益保护原则面临危机,相反说明需要发挥法益概念的批判性机能。当然,比例原则对于贯彻法益保护原则具有方法论的意义。将比例原则引入刑法领域补充法益保护原则时,应当避免简单的话语转换与机械的套用。刑事立法的审查应当按五个步骤展开:(1)目的是否具有合理性?(2)刑罚是不是达到合理目的的有效手段?(3)是否存在替代刑罚的手段?(4)利用刑罚保护法益的同时可能造成何种损害?(5)对相应的犯罪应当规定何种刑罚?
[Abstract]:The principle of legal interest protection has always been the basic guiding principle of criminal legislation. In recent years, some scholars have advocated replacing the principle of legal interest protection with the principle of proportionality, but the principle of proportionality has not exceeded the content of the principle of protection of legal interests. Moreover, the principle of proportion lacks the examination of the legitimacy of purpose, and its standard is not clear. In recent years, the abstract concept of legal interest, the early punishment and the severe punishment do not mean that the principle of legal interest protection is facing a crisis. On the contrary, it is necessary to give full play to the critical function of the concept of legal interest. Of course, the principle of proportionality has methodological significance for the implementation of the principle of legal interest protection. When the principle of proportionality is introduced into the field of criminal law to supplement the principle of legal interest protection. We should avoid simple discourse conversion and mechanical application. Should the review of criminal legislation be carried out according to five steps: 1) is it reasonable? (2) is punishment an effective means to achieve a reasonable end? (III) are there alternatives to penalties? What damage may be caused by the use of the benefits of penal protection laws at the same time? (5) what penalties should be provided for the corresponding offences?
【作者单位】：清华大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目《我国刑法修正的理论模型与制度实践研究》(16ZDA060)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D924.1
【正文快照】： 作者张明楷,清华大学法学院教授(北京100084)。近年来,国内外的刑事立法非常活跃,刑法已经由解释的时代转向立法的时代。“由于‘立法时代’的到来,长期关闭在解释论里的刑法学者,再次将目光转向了立法论。”(1)如所周知,我国立法机关近年来通过修正案的方式增设了大量犯罪,刑

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