论污染环境罪的立法问题及完善

发布时间：2018-01-20 16:21

本文关键词： 污染环境罪司法解释立法问题立法完善　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近些年,随着工业化进程的加快,工业和科技的进步使得经济高速发展,然而,严重的环境污染问题也随之而来。一些轻微的污染环境行为尚可以用民事手段、行政手段调节,但是对于那些严重侵害环境的行为,民事手段和行政手段就显得力度不够。严重侵害环境的行为足以上升为犯罪行为,它不仅损害本世代人类的身体健康和生命利益,还威胁着人类在今后世代的生存和发展,甚至对于环境本身造成不可逆的损害。由此看来,完善污染环境罪的刑事立法已然是迫在眉睫的事情了。《刑法》第338条污染环境罪经过《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(八)》的修订,较重大环境污染事故罪而言,其入罪标准适当放宽,刑法的适用范围有所扩大。随后,最高人民法院联合最高人民检察院于2013年和2017年相继出台了两部《关于办理环境污染刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》,但污染环境罪在犯罪客体、既遂标准、罪过形式以及刑罚设置等方面依旧存在争论。本文的正文共可以分为四部分,第一章对污染环境罪的概念、属性及其特征予以概括,并且历数了污染环境罪刑事立法理念的变化,力求在整体上对污染环境罪有一个把握,从而引出后文对于污染环境罪立法问题的论述。第二章提出我国污染环境罪目前在立法方面存在的问题,就学术界对此产生的争议加以分析和探讨。第三章通过介绍国外污染环境罪的立法,以期从中获得借鉴。第四章针对前文提出的立法问题作出回应,参考国外的立法经验,提出笔者对于完善污染环境罪立法的一些建议。笔者希望借由本篇论文,能够使大家认识到日益严峻的环境问题,提高社会大众的环保意识;同时还期待得到本领域学者们以及立法者的关注,不断完善污染环境罪的立法,使得刑事手段在惩治污染环境罪的实践中发挥更大的作用。最终实现人与自然的和谐发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of the industrialization process, industry and technological progress make the rapid development of the economy, however, serious environmental pollution problems have followed. Some minor environmental pollution behavior can still use civil means. Administrative means regulate, but for those serious violations of the environment, civil and administrative means are not strong enough. Serious violations of the environment enough to rise to criminal behavior. It not only damages the human health and life interests of the present generation, but also threatens the survival and development of human beings in the future generations, and even causes irreversible damage to the environment itself. It is urgent to perfect the criminal legislation for the crime of polluting the environment. Article 338 of the Criminal Law has been amended by the Amendment of the Criminal Law of the people's Republic of China (8). As far as the crime of environmental pollution accident is concerned, the standard of incrimination is relaxed appropriately, and the scope of application of criminal law is expanded. In 2013 and 2017, the Supreme people's Court and the Supreme people's Procuratorate successively issued two "explanations on some legal issues applicable to handling criminal cases of environmental pollution". However, pollution of the environment crime in the object of crime, accomplished standards, the form of crime and penalties are still controversial. The text of this paper can be divided into four parts, the first chapter of the concept of pollution of the environment crime. Attribute and its characteristics are summarized, and count the changes of the concept of criminal legislation of environmental pollution crime, and strive to have a grasp of environmental pollution crime as a whole. The second chapter points out the problems existing in the legislation of environmental pollution crime in our country. The third chapter introduces the legislation of pollution crime in foreign countries in order to learn from it. Chapter 4th responds to the legislative issues raised above. Referring to the legislative experience of foreign countries, the author puts forward some suggestions for improving the legislation of environmental crime of pollution. The author hopes that through this paper, we can realize the increasingly serious environmental problems. Improve the public awareness of environmental protection; At the same time, we also expect to get the attention of scholars and legislators in this field, and improve the legislation of environmental pollution crime. It makes the criminal means play a greater role in the practice of punishing the crime of polluting the environment, and finally realizes the harmonious development of man and nature.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.36

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