非法集资犯罪规制的中国式难题——以地方政府处置办的设立与受害人的损失退赔为视角

发布时间：2018-01-21 18:15

本文关键词： 非法集资部际联席会议金融风险收缴责令退赔　出处：《政治与法律》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：金融监管部门对非法金融活动的性质认定曾是公安机关启动非法集资案件立案侦查司法程序的前置条件。随着金融改革的不断深入,我国金融法律体系不健全的弊端开始显现,而国家政策对民间资本向金融业渗透的鼓励,对在普惠金融旗帜下进行的各种金融创新试错的宽容,使得缺乏有效金融监管下的各类民间融资活动的风险逐渐凸显,非法集资案件频发。部际联席会议制度的创建和各级地方政府针对非法集资成立了处置办公室,使各级政府逐渐取代金融监管部门成为对非法集资案件认定、查处和后续处置的实际主导者,金融监管部门的职能逐渐被边缘化。非法集资案件的查处涉及立法、司法、经济金融政策和社会稳定诸问题,而以维稳为目标、追求最大限度挽回受害人损失的非法集资处置工作成效评价,使公安机关不合适地承担了应属于法院职责范围内的责令退赔、追缴财产等执行工作。应反思非法集资犯罪规制的目标所在,并据此修订法律和进行司法纠偏,同时,应审慎考量地方政府、金融监管部门在查处非法集资活动中的角色定位与权限赋予。
[Abstract]:The recognition of the nature of illegal financial activities by the financial supervision department was the precondition for the public security organs to initiate the judicial procedure of filing and investigating illegal fund-raising cases. With the deepening of the financial reform. The malpractice of unsound financial legal system of our country begins to appear, and the national policy encourages the folk capital to infiltrate into the financial industry, and tolerates the trial and error of all kinds of financial innovation under the banner of inclusive finance. The lack of effective financial supervision of various types of private financing activities risk gradually highlighted, illegal fund-raising cases occurred frequently. The establishment of the inter-ministerial joint meeting system and local governments at all levels of illegal fund-raising set up a disposal office. So that governments at all levels gradually replace the financial supervision department as the actual leader in the identification, investigation and subsequent disposal of illegal fund-raising cases. The function of the financial supervision department is gradually marginalized. The investigation and treatment of the illegal financing cases involves the legislation, the judicature, the economic and financial policy and the social stability, and the goal is to maintain the stability. Pursuit of maximum recovery of the victim of the loss of illegal fund-raising and disposal of the effectiveness evaluation, so that the public security organs do not properly bear the responsibility of the court should be ordered to refund compensation. We should reflect on the target of the regulation of illegal fund-raising crime and revise the law and carry on judicial correction accordingly. At the same time, we should carefully consider the local government. Financial supervision department in the investigation and punishment of illegal fund-raising activities in the role of positioning and empowerment.
【作者单位】：江苏警官学院法律系;
【基金】：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD) 江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(TAPP) 江苏省社会科学基金项目“我国金融市场发展与民间金融的法律规制研究”(项目批准号:14FXD002)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D924.3
【正文快照】： 学界对非法集资犯罪问题的研究,因专注于对具体罪名的教义学探究,以致于对司法实践中关于非法集资案件侦办处置的实际情形及面临难题缺乏深入了解。以维稳为宗旨,以追缴财产最大限度挽回受害人损失为目标的绩效评价机制,导致在案件处理中,对犯罪分子的刑事责任追究不是最重要

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