论增设虐待老人罪

发布时间：2018-01-22 15:19

本文关键词： 虐待老人罪刑事法律法律研究　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：虐待老人问题是一个全球性问题，我国已经进入老龄化社会，虐待老人问题也愈加凸显，成为社会关注的焦点。长期以来，我国受到传统法律文化的影响，认为虐待老人是家庭内部的“私事”，法律很少积极干预。我国对虐待老人的问题近几年才开始重视，起步较晚。就刑法角度而言，我国反虐待老人法律机制仍然不健全，虐待罪存在众多缺陷，落后于时代发展，这就使得老人的合法权益在受到严重侵害时难以得到有效保障，这样不利于树立法律的权威，也不利于和谐社会的构建。因此，有必要根据时代的要求，结合我国国情基础上，完善我国关于虐待老人犯罪的刑事法律，保护老年人的合法权益。本文试图通过五个方面来完善我国关于虐待老人的刑事立法。1）建议对于虐待老人的行为单独设置虐待老人罪，从法社会学角度分析，，论证增设虐待老人罪的必要性和可行性，并试图设计科学合理的法条。2）扩大虐待罪的行为实施主体，将实施犯罪的主体扩大到具有密切的权利关系的人，以弥补现行刑法中对某些主体的虐待行为不能罚当其罪的困境。3）本文建议在加大处罚力度。笔者充分考虑到我国的国情，兼顾刑法的预防性原则，加大对虐待老人犯罪的处罚力度，以发挥虐待老人罪应有的作用。4）建议打破传统的虐待罪中的自诉模式为公诉模式，增强法律的实际操作性，以更好的适应老年社会的发展需要。5）对老年人保护组织、退休前所在单位和近亲属赋予强制举报义务，可以解决公诉机关发现犯罪难，掌握证据难的困境，如此，降低了侦查成本，又使得虐待老人罪成为公诉罪的可操作性有了大幅度提高。本文除摘要和结语由五部分组成：第一部分是引言，简要论述文章的研究背景和目的。第二部分是对增设虐待老人罪的法理基础的论述。主要是论述对增设虐待老人罪的法律评估，从法律政策基础，社会公众基础和执法成本三个方面进行论证，通过论证得出增设虐待老人罪是当前社会的迫切要求，并且提出了构建本罪的价值目标。第三部分是虐待老人罪的立法方案设计，包括立法模式的选择，具体法条的设计，法条设计的特点和刑事追诉模式的设计。第四部分是对犯罪构成要件的分析。第五部分主要是虐待老人罪的认定和刑法适用问题。
[Abstract]:The problem of elder abuse is a global problem, China has entered an aging society, the problem of elder abuse has become increasingly prominent, become the focus of social attention. For a long time, our country has been affected by the traditional legal culture. It is believed that elder abuse is a "private matter" within the family, and the law seldom interferes actively. The problem of elder abuse in our country has only begun to pay attention to in recent years and started late. From the point of view of criminal law. The legal mechanism against elder abuse in our country is still not perfect, and there are many defects in the crime of abuse, which lags behind the development of the times, which makes it difficult to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of the elderly when they are seriously infringed. This is not conducive to the establishment of the authority of the law, but also not conducive to the construction of a harmonious society. Therefore, it is necessary to improve our criminal law on the crime of mistreatment of the elderly in accordance with the requirements of the times and on the basis of our national conditions. Protect the lawful rights and interests of the elderly. This paper attempts to improve our criminal legislation on elder abuse through five aspects. 1) the author suggests that the crime of elder abuse should be set up separately from the angle of sociology of law. Demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of adding the crime of mistreatment of the elderly, and try to design a scientific and reasonable law. 2) expand the subject of the behavior of the crime of abuse, and expand the subject of the crime to the person with close right relationship. In order to make up for the maltreatment of some subjects in the current criminal law can not be punished as the plight of the crime. 3) this paper suggests to increase the punishment. The author takes full account of the national conditions of our country, taking into account the precautionary principle of criminal law. Strengthen the punishment of the crime of elder abuse, to play the role of the crime of elder abuse. 4) proposed to break the traditional pattern of private prosecution in the crime of abuse for public prosecution mode, enhance the actual operation of the law. In order to better meet the needs of the development of the elderly society. 5) to protect the elderly organizations, units and close relatives before retirement to give compulsory reporting obligations, can solve the difficulty of public prosecution found crime, difficult to master evidence. In this way, the investigation cost has been reduced, and the operability of the crime of maltreatment of the elderly has been greatly improved. In addition to the summary and conclusion, this article consists of five parts: the first part is the introduction. The second part is the discussion on the legal basis of the establishment of the crime of elder abuse, mainly on the legal evaluation of the establishment of the crime of elder abuse, from the legal policy basis. Public basis and law enforcement costs of three aspects of the argument, through the argument that the establishment of the crime of elder abuse is the urgent need of the current society. The third part is the legislative design of the crime of abuse of the elderly, including the choice of legislative model, the design of specific articles of law. Part 4th is the analysis of the constitutive elements of the crime. Part 5th is mainly about the identification of the crime of mistreatment of the elderly and the application of the criminal law.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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