刑事案件犯罪收益处理制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 04:36

本文关键词： 犯罪收益处理制度追缴责令退赔没收　出处：《宁波大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：刑事案件犯罪收益的处理是一个极其复杂而重要的论题,法律依据欠缺、研究不足以及司法实践的混乱要求我们给予这个问题更多的关注和重视。由于我国刑法中的刑事案件犯罪收益制度主要规定于《刑法》第64条以及新修改的《刑事诉讼法》相关法条,故本文相关研究主要围绕上述法律法规展开。同时,本文结合穿插较多实践中的真实案例,紧密联系司法实践中亟待解决的问题,并借探讨刑事案件犯罪收益制度的机会,尝试对刑法与民法、实体法与程序法的联系进行论述,对刑事案件犯罪收益制度进行多角度的研究。通过对刑事案件犯罪收益的概念进行界定,并明确犯罪收益的法定范围,以便确切理解刑事案件犯罪收益处理制度的内涵,并对刑事案件犯罪收益处理制度的积极价值进行了阐述。鉴于《刑法》第64条规定的“追缴”、“责令退赔”、“没收”三者在语义和性质上容易混淆,笔者对没收、追缴、责令退赔三者的定义、适用对象、行使主体进行了界定,同时将三者之间以及与相近概念之间容易混淆点进行了梳理。刑事案件犯罪收益处理制度在司法实践的三个领域中均存在很多问题,这些问题反映在法律文书制作与表述、司法程序、实体处理等多方面,阻碍了刑事案件犯罪收益处理制度的构建。在程序方面本文主张通过构建刑事案件犯罪收益处理司法审查机制、设计被害人合法财产发还机制、增设庭审中对犯罪收益的调查处理程序以及建立犯罪收益处理的救济制度,构建刑事案件犯罪收益处理的正当程序。在实体方面结合多个具体案例,展开对犯罪收益实体处理问题的思考,首先,从刑法的谦抑性、民法的连带责任对刑法的启示以及刑法相对民法的独立性三方面论述了共同犯罪与连累犯罪中犯罪收益的处理问题;其次,罚金刑幅度的适当调整在实践中的具体应用及对犯罪收益处理的积极作用;第三,拟根据过错责任的划分构建解决犯罪收益处理实践中被害人难以确定的问题。
[Abstract]:The handling of the proceeds of crime in criminal cases is an extremely complex and important topic, and the legal basis is lacking. Lack of research and confusion in judicial practice require us to pay more attention to this issue. Because the proceeds of crime system in criminal cases in our criminal law is mainly stipulated in article 64 of the criminal law and the newly amended <. The relevant articles of the Code of Criminal procedure. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on the above laws and regulations. At the same time, this paper combines with more real cases in practice, closely related to the problems to be solved in judicial practice. And by discussing the system of criminal proceeds, this paper tries to discuss the relationship between criminal law and civil law, substantive law and procedural law. By defining the concept of proceeds of crime in criminal cases and defining the legal scope of the proceeds of crime, this paper makes a multi-angle study on the system of proceeds of crime in criminal cases. In order to understand the connotation of the criminal case proceeds of crime system, and to explain the positive value of the system of handling the proceeds of crime in criminal cases, in view of the "recovery" stipulated in Article 64 of the Criminal Law. It is easy to confuse the meaning and nature of "order to return and indemnity" and "confiscation". The author defines the definition of confiscation, recovery, order and compensation, the applicable object and the subject of exercise. At the same time, there are many problems in the system of dealing with the proceeds of crime in criminal cases in the three fields of judicial practice. These problems are reflected in the production and expression of legal documents, judicial procedures, substantive handling and so on. In the aspect of procedure, this paper proposes to design a mechanism for the return of victims' legitimate property by constructing a judicial review mechanism for dealing with the proceeds of crime in criminal cases. In addition to the trial of the investigation of the proceeds of crime processing procedures and the establishment of the proceeds of crime to deal with the relief system, the construction of criminal cases of the proceeds of crime processing due process, in the substantive aspects of the combination of a number of specific cases. First of all, from the point of view of modesty of criminal law, the author thinks about how to deal with the problem of crime proceeds entity. The enlightenment of joint and several liability of civil law to criminal law and the independence of criminal law relative to civil law discuss how to deal with the proceeds of crime in joint crime and connected crime. Secondly, the appropriate adjustment of the range of fine penalty in the practice of the specific application and the positive role of dealing with the proceeds of crime; Thirdly, according to the division of fault liability, to solve the problem that the victim is difficult to determine in the practice of dealing with the proceeds of crime.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924

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