我国惩治有组织犯罪实践困境初探

发布时间：2018-01-25 04:38

本文关键词： 有组织犯罪实践困境惩治对策　出处：《西南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要采用比较研究的方法对有组织犯罪进行剖析。在近几十年的时间里,国际上关于有组织犯罪的学说一直存在着分歧,无法形成统一的意见。我国学者基本认同从犯罪学、刑法学界定有组织犯罪的概念是有差异的,且其都具有功效,因而提倡有组织犯罪概念的二元论,至于其它两个方面的问题至今尚未达成共识；大多数学者认为有组织犯罪包括团伙犯罪、集团犯罪和黑社会(性质)犯罪,只有少部分学者认为有组织犯罪就是典型的黑社会犯罪。近年来,有组织犯罪呈现出诸多新情况,诸如依托网络演化出的新型有组织犯罪、企业化趋势明显,组织更加严密、政治渗透进一步加强、跨国有组织犯罪案件增多、跨国有组织犯罪增多等。我国有组织犯罪存在发展迅速、再生能力强、存续时间短,有组织犯罪的各种发展形态交互衍生等本土性特征。我国惩治有组织犯罪的实践中存在认定有组织犯罪较为困难、对有组织犯罪的起诉较为困难、“一阵风”式执法弊端尽显、我国警力严重不足等困境。造成我国惩治有组织犯罪实践困境的原因有立法滞后、没有针对有组织犯罪的立法,对有组织犯罪的文化认识片面、当前“打黑除恶”刑事政策遭遇阻碍等方面。世界各国应对有组织犯罪的措施对我国有所启迪。意大利的《黑手党悔过法》,美国的《反组织犯罪侵害合法组织法》,德国广泛使用的秘密侦查手段,法国设立的跨大区专门法院(JIRS)和共同调查组都是可资借鉴的样本,打击有组织犯罪事件困境的对策包括：建立具有强大侦查能力、更强信息整合能力和完善的证人保护能力防控有组织犯罪的专门机构,制定针对有组织犯罪的刑法,建立针对有组织犯罪的特别诉讼制度,构建良好的社会文化环境。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly uses the method of comparative study to analyze the organized crime. In recent decades, there have been differences on the theory of organized crime in the world. Our scholars basically agree that there are differences in the definition of organized crime from the perspective of criminology and criminal jurisprudence, and both of them have effects, so they advocate the dualism of the concept of organized crime. As for the other two issues, there is no consensus to date; Most scholars believe that organized crime includes gang crime, group crime and underworld crime. Only a few scholars believe that organized crime is a typical gangster crime. Organized crime presents many new situations, such as the evolution of a new type of organized crime based on the network, the trend of enterprise is obvious, the organization is more rigorous, the political infiltration is further strengthened, and the number of transnational organized crime cases is increasing. The existence of organized crime in China has developed rapidly, has strong regenerative ability and short survival time. In the practice of punishing organized crime, it is difficult to identify organized crime, and it is more difficult to prosecute organized crime. The malpractice of "gust of wind" type law enforcement, serious shortage of police force in our country, and so on. The reasons for the practical dilemma of punishing organized crime in our country are the lagging legislation, there is no legislation for organized crime. The cultural understanding of organized crime is one-sided, and the current criminal policy of "cracking down on crime and eliminating evil" has encountered obstacles. The measures taken by various countries to deal with organized crime have enlighten our country. Italy's "Mafia repentance Law". The United States "Anti-Organizing Crime against the legal Organization Act", Germany's widely used secret investigative techniques, France set up a special cross-regional court (JIRS) and the joint investigation team are all examples to be used for reference. The countermeasures to combat the plight of organized crime include the establishment of specialized agencies with strong investigative capability, stronger information integration ability and perfect witness protection ability to prevent and control organized crime. Make criminal law against organized crime, set up special lawsuit system against organized crime, and construct good social and cultural environment.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.3

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