浅析网络谣言的刑法治理与防范

发布时间：2018-02-01 17:37

本文关键词： 网络谣言刑法司法解释　出处：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：网络谣言是一种社会公害,不仅严重侵害公民切身利益,也严重扰乱网络公共秩序,直接危害社会稳定,广大百姓强烈呼吁整治网络乱象。网络谣言在世界范围内也是一个亟待治理的问题。但是,从根本意义上讲,谣言是复杂社会生活的反应,谣言的产生是难以避免的客观事实。因此,本人认为,有必要在认清网络谣言内涵特征等理论基础上,客观分析网络谣言的形成机理,以实事求是的态度,对网络谣言予以治理：一方面,我们在坚持合宪性原则、罪刑法定原则以及刑法歉抑性原则的基础上,进一步完善网络谣言犯罪治理的立法体系,坚决打击网络谣言犯罪行为；另一方面,要建立网络谣言防范配套机制,坚持规范执法行为,避免执法偏差,加强信息公开和权威发布,重构政府公信力,还要加强教育引导,提升网民素质,以共同维护健康的网络环境。对于文章的结构及布局,拟分以下四个部分：第一章结合秦志晖诽谤、寻衅滋事案以及甘肃发帖学生被刑拘案,得出刑法治理网络谣言犯罪是治理网络谣言的有效手段,但一定要严格依法办案,否则将侵害公民言论自由。在此基础上,从网络谣言内涵、基本特征危害说起,分析网络谣言的生成机理。第二章为网络谣言刑法规制的国际实践以及中国治理现状。分别从德国、美国、韩国等国家治理网络谣言的经验中说起,分析我国当前网络谣言追责的三个层次,即民事责任、行政责任、刑事责任。但刑法治理体系相对比较简单,存在量刑偏轻、法律条文分散、刑种不全等三个方面不足。第三章为网络谣言治理中需要把握的几个关系的梳理,即“罪”与“非罪”的关系、“网络谣言”与“网络举报”的关系、“治理网络谣言”与“保护言论自由”的关系,从而对刑法治理网络谣言提供较为清晰的方向,避免产生偏差。第四章为完善刑法治理、防控网络谣言的对策建议。结合“两高”最新司法《解释》,认为有必要进一步完善规制网络谣言的法律体系,提高网络谣言涉及犯罪的法定刑、增强刑法规范明确性、建立自诉案件转公诉衔接机制等建议,另一方面,从健全执法监督机制方面,提出个人的建议和看法。
[Abstract]:Network rumor is a kind of social pollution, which not only seriously infringes the vital interests of citizens, but also seriously disturbs the network public order and directly endangers social stability. The masses of people strongly call for the rectification of network chaos. Internet rumors are also an urgent problem in the world. However, in a fundamental sense, rumors are a reaction to complex social life. Therefore, I think it is necessary to analyze the formation mechanism of network rumors on the basis of clearly understanding the characteristics of the connotation of network rumors, so as to seek truth from facts. On the one hand, on the basis of adhering to the principle of constitutionality, the principle of legality and the principle of abstinence of criminal law, we further improve the legislative system of the crime of network rumor. Resolutely crack down on the crime of network rumors; On the other hand, it is necessary to establish a supporting mechanism to prevent network rumors, adhere to the norms of law enforcement behavior, avoid deviation in law enforcement, strengthen the publicity of information and authority release, reconstruct the credibility of the government, but also strengthen the guidance of education. To improve the quality of Internet users in order to jointly maintain a healthy network environment. For the structure and layout of the article, it is proposed to divide into the following four parts: The first chapter combined with Qin Zhihui libel, provocative case and Gansu post students by criminal detention case, the criminal law governance network rumor crime is an effective means to control network rumors, but we must strictly deal with cases according to law. Otherwise, it will infringe on citizens' freedom of speech. On this basis, from the connotation of network rumors, the harm of basic characteristics, the formation mechanism of network rumors is analyzed. The second chapter is the international practice of the criminal law regulation of online rumors and the current situation of Chinese governance. It starts from the experiences of Germany, the United States, South Korea and other countries in the governance of online rumors. This paper analyzes the three levels of liability of online rumors in China, that is, civil liability, administrative responsibility and criminal liability. However, the system of criminal law governance is relatively simple, sentencing is relatively light, and the provisions of the law are scattered. There are three shortcomings in the incompleteness of the punishment. The third chapter is about the relationship between "crime" and "non-crime", and the relationship between "network rumor" and "network report". The relationship between "managing online rumors" and "protecting freedom of speech" provides a clear direction for criminal law to deal with online rumors and avoids deviation. Chapter 4th, in order to improve the criminal law governance, prevention and control of online rumors countermeasures and suggestions. Combined with the "two High" the latest judicial interpretation, it is necessary to further improve the legal system of regulating network rumors. On the other hand, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the legal punishment of the crime, strengthen the clarity of the criminal law, and establish the linking mechanism of private prosecution to public prosecution. On the other hand, from the aspect of perfecting the supervision mechanism of law enforcement, the author puts forward some personal suggestions and opinions.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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