我国刑法中主观超过要素的立法考察及其修正

发布时间：2018-02-24 02:13

本文关键词： 主观超过要素立法考察立法修正　出处：《南京社会科学》2015年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在我国四要件犯罪构成体系中,主观超过要素应当是隶属于犯罪构成的主观要件,同时独立于故意,无需客观要素与之对应的一种选择性构成要件要素。根据超罪过性、超客观性和功能性这三个判断标准,可以在我国《刑法》中找到有关主观超过要素的规定。但是主观超过要素存在诸多不合理之处,它提前了犯罪既遂的时间点,有违罪责刑相适应原则,存在重刑主义之嫌;部分主观超过要素还存在不恰当地限缩犯罪圈的问题;另外,主观超过要素的内隐性会造成司法实践中证明困难和操作随意的双重困境,在其客观化后还可能导致罪名、罪数的认定混乱。正是因为存在这些弊端,有必要结合主观超过要素本身的可变更性,对我国《刑法》中现存的主观超过要素进行修正,具体包括构成要件精简化和主观要素客观化这两种方案。
[Abstract]:In the system of the four elements of crime in our country, the subjective excess element should be the subjective element that belongs to the constitution of the crime, and it is independent of the intention and does not need an objective element to correspond to a selective element of the constitution. The three criteria of super objectivity and function can be found in the Criminal Law of our country about the subjective excess elements. However, there are many unreasonableness in the subjective excess elements, which advance the time point of the completion of the crime. In violation of the principle of the adaptation of criminal responsibility and punishment, there is a suspicion of heavy punishment; part of the subjective excess elements also exist the problem of inappropriate reduction of the circle of crime; in addition, The internal recessive of subjective excess elements will result in the double dilemma of proving difficulty and random operation in judicial practice, and after its objectification, it may also lead to confusion in the identification of the charges and the number of crimes. It is necessary to amend the existing subjective excess elements in the Criminal Law of our country in combination with the variability of subjective excess elements, including the simplification of constitutive elements and the objectification of subjective elements.
【作者单位】：西南政法大学法学院;
【分类号】：D924

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