我国企业刑事责任实现路径的探究

发布时间：2018-03-20 02:14

本文选题：企业犯罪　切入点：企业刑事责任　出处：《吉林财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：企业刑事责任根源于企业犯罪。企业刑事责任相对于自然人刑事责任而言,是一个新的法律维度。鉴于目前对企业犯罪进行司法追究的事例仍然比较少,司法实践过程中暴露的问题主要是对于企业本身所采取的刑罚措施过于单一,仅对其设置罚金刑。在对企业直接主管人员追究刑事责任时,还是以科处自由刑为主。造成上述司法现状的主要原因在于,刑法对于企业犯罪并未设立独立的刑罚体系。本文认为,我国企业刑事责任实现的路径主要在于完善企业犯罪的刑罚设置,主要包括刑罚体系和裁量制度两方面。现阶段,不能将双罚制视为企业犯罪刑罚体系完善的全部内容。企业犯罪刑罚体系应当以企业为中心,围绕其设置一系列的资格刑、行为刑、罚金刑等有针对性的刑罚措施。从以上角度看,我国企业刑事责任实现的路径应当着眼于完善企业犯罪刑罚体系和刑罚裁量制度的构建。因此,结合市场经济企业犯罪的特点。本文试从企业刑事责任的类型,承担刑事责任的方式以及刑罚力度角度出发,并结合企业刑事责任的一些特点,做出必要论述。围绕我国企业刑事责任的实现路径这一中心问题,本文主要从设立独立的企业犯罪刑罚体系、完善企业犯罪裁量制度两方面为创新点来展开探究。围绕构建独立的企业犯罪刑罚体系的问题,本文主要通过完善企业犯罪的刑罚方式探究,具体措施包括:1.增设资格刑。2.改善罚金刑。3.强制解散制度。4.不利信息公开。5.社会服务。上述五类刑罚措施主要总结于美国、法国、日本、德国等国家。这也是英美法系和大陆法系在对待企业犯罪问题上学术观点的逐渐融合。以德国为代表的大陆法系国家在最开始阶段是否定企业作为犯罪主体,面临的问题主要是除了罚款以外罚无可罚的司法现状。而以美国为代表的英美法系国家则是从实践并解决司法现状中大量企业犯罪的角度出发,主张司法的能动性,与时俱进,以解决实务为中心。围绕完善企业犯罪裁量制度的问题。本文试从建立企业自首制度和企业缓刑制度展开探究。企业自首主要解决的问题是自首制度对于企业能否适用,谁来代表企业自首,自首效力归属等等。企业缓刑制度则是围绕企业能否适用缓刑、如何适用缓刑展开探究。
[Abstract]:Corporate criminal responsibility is rooted in corporate crime. Corporate criminal liability is a new legal dimension relative to the criminal liability of natural persons. In the course of judicial practice, the main problems are that the penalty measures taken by the enterprise itself are too single, and only the fine penalty is imposed on the enterprise. When investigating the criminal responsibility of the direct supervisor of the enterprise, The main reason for the above judicial situation lies in that the criminal law does not set up an independent penalty system for enterprise crime. The way to realize corporate criminal responsibility in our country mainly lies in perfecting the penalty setting of enterprise crime, including penalty system and discretion system. The double penalty system cannot be regarded as the whole content of the perfection of the criminal penalty system of the enterprise. The criminal penalty system of the enterprise should take the enterprise as the center and set up a series of qualification penalty and behavior penalty around it. From the above point of view, the path to the realization of corporate criminal responsibility in our country should focus on perfecting the criminal penalty system and penalty discretion system of enterprises. According to the characteristics of enterprise crime in market economy, this paper tries to set out from the angle of the type of enterprise criminal responsibility, the way to bear criminal responsibility and the degree of punishment, and combine some characteristics of enterprise criminal responsibility. This paper focuses on the establishment of an independent criminal penalty system for enterprises, focusing on the central issue of the path to the realization of corporate criminal responsibility in China. Improve the enterprise crime discretion system to explore the two aspects of innovation. Around the establishment of an independent criminal penalty system, this paper mainly through the improvement of corporate crime penalties, Specific measures include: 1.Increasing the qualification penalty .2.improving the fine penalty .3.compulsory dissolution system .4.Disclosure of adverse information .5.Social services. The above five types of penalties are mainly summarized in the United States, France, Japan, Germany and other countries. This is also a gradual fusion of the academic views of Anglo-American law system and civil law system on the problem of corporate crime. The civil law countries represented by Germany deny the enterprise as the subject of the crime at the beginning. The main problem is that there is no penalty except fines, and the Anglo-American law system countries, represented by the United States, advocate the initiative of justice and keep pace with the times from the angle of practice and solving a large number of corporate crimes in the current judicial situation. This paper tries to explore the establishment of enterprise surrender system and enterprise probation system. The main problem to be solved is whether the voluntary surrender system can be applied to enterprises. Who will represent the enterprise surrender, the validity of surrender and so on. The enterprise probation system is around whether the enterprise can apply the probation, how to apply the probation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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